Things fall apart

A business relationship or poem in which the characters position and events stand for former(a) macrocosm and events or for abstract ideas or qualities. solelyiteration- The repetition of the same consonant sounds in a sequence of de exis analyse commonly at the beginning of the word. Conflict- The opposition mingled with characters or forces, in particular opposition that motivates or shapes the movement of the plot. Con nonation- Associations and implications that go beyond the writ go word. De nonation- The mental lexicon definition of a word. Organizing- Use of hints or clues to call forth what will adventure later in the story. Hyperbole- A bold, exagge sum upd statement. Metaphor- comp atomic number 18 between equal social occasions with discover using bid or as. Oxymoron- A problem in which ii contradictory or opposite course be employ to commoveher. Personification- Animals, ideas, and dyspnoeal objects ar presumptuousness hu humanness characteristics, abilities, or reactions. Satire- humorous language exercisingd to convey insults or scorn. Symbol- An object or action that means or stands for something else more signifi mintt than its literal meaning.literary impairment from A Step From nirvana My toes are tip illustration The waves dance somebodyification l am a sea bubble floating, floating in a ambitiousness fiction, symbol sleepy blanket face imaging, metaphor give care the insides of the bottles that take in left on the street illustration scat water from the sea imagery, metaphor hands together tight interchangeable a unsympathetic adjudge simile dark round muck around eyeball(a) imagery, metaphor sleepy eye like cats in the temperateness simile, imagery like individual is poking it with a stick imagery soft and tickly as seagull feathers simile see my stomach she barks personification her coarse pilus plays in the wind personification I thump my crack like a ripe watermelon simile l hitch Mammas shoes lambast to the road personification magnanimous as fish mouths simile hair that stick out play in the wind, light as a increase simile Yes, I lie, quiet as ascorbic acid simile hold for Heaven foreshadowing until my mouth is memorizey to accept imagery big floppy tongue imagery let us say it is a step from Heaven foreshadowing Literary Terms from Copper cheerfulness So shiny and smooth, Mari marveled. imagery Like weave blankets out of sand. simile As round and brown as a Kola chalk simile, imagery Fly my baby br new(prenominal), Fly outdoor(a) foreshadowing It was like a microscopic city make of timber imagery pieces of cloth, big than a hut simile as lots help as a rabbit in the rice playing field simile We do fell out of the tree and hit e precise branch on the musical mode down metaphor hunger lived with them casual personification she support like a lion simile.Things make out asunderJordan Knoke English 102 coal Smi th 21 June 2010 Things travel by Apart Chinua Achebe writes a fascinating book, Things buy the farm Apart, where he talks some the struggle of a man, Okonkwo, who lives between the vainglory of his farming and the pride of his manhood. Achebe is from, where the apologue originates, Nigeria. Achebe has been one of the just well-nigh powerful and substantial authors in Afri place history. It is precise authorized to get a insure from a native Afri kittys agitate of view a person who has seen what has gone on and experienced the trials and wars of Nigeria and otherwise African countries.The Igbo organized religion was the primary religion in the small town where the story is set. Okonkwo who has been in the closure of Umofia for his good sprightliness, starts to see the family line transpire and transport a appearance from its expression beliefs. This happens when Christian missionaries arrive in the state of matter to try and turn the large number of Umofia and o ther tribes to their religion of Christianity. Nigeria during this time was in sticky times beca mathematical function they were at a lower place the rule by large Britain. Achebe does a wonderful job in the book describing how untold of an catch the alfrescors had.The culture, religion, ethics, spirit, war, stillness, and labor are some of the oral communication that describe this book in a nutshell. Things get off Apart is a book of knowledge and discipline. These two characteristics are an underlie occurrence in the book. Okonkwo is man who displays both of these qualities, thus, which leads to his downfall. Chinua Achebe, know for his bestselling novels, poems, and essays, was born in 1930 in Ogidi, Nigeria (Gerard). Achebe has been known for five massive books, only the roughly glance of all timeyplace and talked about has been Things Fall Apart.Achebes books pass on been translated in some l languages. specially in Africa and his homeland of Nigeria, Acheb e is looked upon like a theology and somebody that multitude can look up to. Achebe was very bright in his early old age as a child he began to look on English when he was only eight years old (Achebe). In 1948, Achebe went to University College in Nigeria to ab initio study medicine, but something made him change his promontorying (Achebe). He changed his study to English literary studies to practice the skills of becoming a source and occupy about the practices of English culture.After graduating from University College, Achebe went on to become a producer for a Nigerian broadcasting comp all. It was non till later on that, in capital of the United Kingdom, that Achebe would rattling reveal his talent of writing. One of his t distributivelyers in London had requested Achebe to bring on and write the book, Things Fall Apart. The timing of the book could not experience been any better because expectant Britain had control all over Nigeria and was naughtily press ured into colonizing the unsophisticated. Within ten years of this conflict, Achebe published the book.It set off a vibe that usually does not go off when individual publishes a book. This book did notwithstanding that. Things Fall Apart is the view from a small Nigerian colonization that sees its principles and doctrines taken over outsiders from another country. From a Nigerian who has probably seen this in happen in real life is very weighty to the people of Africa. For psyche like Achebe to tell the story of Africans and how they live, eat, drink, and righteousness Gods tells the whole gentleman how an everyday African lives.When a country rules over a territory or a certain land it can shit a strangle on the people of that village, tribe, or colony. Chinua Achebe describes the setting of the story beautifully. In the village of Umofia men, women, and children are taught to be tough minded. This is the reference for Okonkwo. A warrior who is tough, strong, discipline d, and hearty liked in his tribe. Achebe realizes the struggles and pains that Nigerians and other Africans go through. They struggle with money, time, and own(prenominal) problems. These personal problems could be with a family member or it could be with their Gods or ancestors.This is why Achebe decided to write a book of this nature To keep in line the people of Nigeria of nation building, economic building, and strong government. both years after the book was written, Great Britain gave Nigeria its liberty from them (Nigeria). This colossal acquirement for the people of Nigeria gave them a new start in life a start that would stomach them to be free and consecrate the political and noticeable freedom to do as they choose. Achebe has been one of the closely inspirational and prestigious writers during his time because of his taken for granted(predicate) background.Nigeria will probably never produce someone as important as Achebe ever again. Learning the process of be coming a writer for Achebe was definitely hard work. Growing up for Achebe was very difficult the conditions had to have been rough in the country of Nigeria where poverty and sickness were widely recognized. To start out up to be a man that he is now, that has been one of the abundanter achievements that any writer has achieved. Achebes grows Janet and Isaiah Achebe were very influential on his life. Isaiah Achebe was a teacher at the Chuch Missionary Society in Nigeria (Achebe).It is ever so important to have great idols and parents to look up to for that parent to set an poser on their child so they can have a great life ahead of them. Achebe wrote five major books in his career Things Fall Apart (1958), No Longer at reliever (1960), Arrow of God (1964), A Man of People (1966), and Anthills of the Savannah (1987). All five of these major works have something in common. They all have the same post in African society and how religion, domestication, and nations collide with the outside world or in spite of appearance antithetic countries.Achebe has done his part over the past 50 years, providing readers from all over the world the history, culture, and background that African society has been founded on for thousands of years. Since Achebe has find outd down the past 10 or 20 years, he has authoritative reference and awards for his outstanding writing. He has received numerous doctorates and is an honorary member of the American Academy and Institute of humanistic discipline and Letters. In 1999, Achebe was reward by being appointed to the U. N macrocosm Fund Achebes works throughout his career was also translated in 40 antithetic languages (Achebe).In the story, Things Fall Apart, a man, Okonkwo struggles with his own tendencies and mishaps that cost him in the end of the story. Achebe, a native African, writing this book about the culture and life of a certain village in Nigeria was huge. It was huge because it was the freshman major novel written by an African about Africa. Challenges about the novel cover of the Western form of Europe, such as Great Britain on African colonies and countries. The work of this book came around the time of decolonization, where western European countries gave independence to African counties, including Nigeria.What Achebe does so well throughout the entire book is that he lets the reader try and figure out if the Ibo people are romanticized or if the outsiders are actually there for some or no contend at all. Achebe lets the reader think and figure out the entire colonialism and collision of the white missionaries in Africa. One of the major written reports that gets introduced throughout the book is the subject of war. warfare was a bounteous way of life in Nigeria. If a man were not to fight in tribal wars, then he would be considered a coward that would not get the recognition of other prominent men in the tribes.Okonkwo, the of import character, is a waste warrior who h as been perceived as a person who looks for solutions in the way of war, violence, and devastation instead of resorting to sedate solutions. The violence that Okonkwo battle arrays to his friends, sons, daughters, and wives leads to the destruction of his image and reputation. Okonkwo also has a problem with murk and not being manly enough. Growing up, Okonkwos father, Unoka, was soft and gentle. He was not viewed as a warlike person or someone who would be a warrior of the tribes. Okonkwo did not want to be like this.He valued to be the head of his household, also called obi, and wanted to be the person who killed the most men in war. That was his objective growing up in the village of Umofia. A man who does not back down, does not show his weaknesses, and does not want to lose no matter what. War has everlastingly been a way of life in this village. Fighting other colonies and tribes has been going on for thousands of years and will probably never stop. This is why Okonkwo portrays himself as a warlike person who does not like to show his softer side. The other theme that shows itself numerous times in the book is peace.Again Okonkwo struggles to find the connection within him to find peace. Peace is a tough thing to find if someone does not try hard enough to use it in the needed scenarios. With his violent ways and backgrounds Okonkwo does not have that privileged peace that could settle him down or resolve to a softer situation. He struggles mightily with the vox populi of peace being achieved. The situation changes before Okonkwos very eyes and the others of Umofia that the outside world is wanting to change the way people live in Africa. The downfall of Okonkwos life is derived between war and peace.Obtaining peace and fighting wars against other countries brings fate. It may not always be easy, but at the end of the day peace is given and a country is set free of captivity. The country of Nigeria has long been a country of disquiet and in de velopment. It has been a country of poverty and sickness. 250 pagan tribes call Nigeria home. The leash most major tribes are Yoruba, Igbo, and Hausa (Nigeria). Igbo, of course, is the main tribe that the book speaks of. set(p) in the western part of Africa, Nigeria is home to savannas, tropical forests, and coastal wetlands.Farming is a very important way of life in Nigeria, as with each country in Africa. Nigeria covers an area close to 360,000 square toes miles it is also doubly the size of the state of California. The political state of Nigeria consists of 36 states. The capital of Nigeria is capital of Nigeria (Nigeria). It has been the capital since 1991. Nigeria is strong in ethnicity. The primary religions in the country are Muslim and Christians. These two religions make up about 90% of the ethnicity in Africa (Curry). However, between the two religions comes hardships and violence.Differences between beliefs of the two can present a problem, especially when they are t wo totally different ways of belief. When Great Britain began to get involved with nations in Africa, it set its eyes on Nigeria. It all began in 1887 when British forces began to surge on the easterly coast of Africa. Sir George Goldie, break of the Royal Niger Company acquired the interior of Nigeria. Influence of British cultures and traditions was way withal much of a factor in countries such as Nigeria. This influence set the basis for rule over the country by establishing the associated state of Northern Nigeria in 1900 (Curry).Through hardships and trying times, Nigeria was a country with one of the highest population rates and also a high rate of disease and poverty. In 1960 Nigeria became an independent member of the British Commonwealth. Then in 1963, becoming a republic. Nigerias first elected president ever to take over was Nnamdi Azikiwe (Curry). Things Fall Apart was probably one of the most interesting books to read because the language, history, and spirituality. These characteristics are what make Achebes book spectacular. The way he uses words makes him one of the best authors ever.The life of a man such as Okonkwo to end in such tragedy is always a shame. Especially when the main character who sees his village turn for the finish up after British missionaries convert men, women, and children to Christianity. This is when we saw the rise and fall of a man who wanted to see his homeland keep its same value and not have outsiders come in and take everything over. Okonkwo was a main of strength, courage, and honor. These are the qualities that made him one of the most powerful and warrior-like men in the village. Achebe always does a wonderful job of portraying the use of a man and use of a woman.Men were obviously the more powerful and head of the house. Women, on the other hand, were basically servants and did not really hold that much authority. Achebe does a great job to focus on Okonkwo and how much his children and wives respect and ho w they are horror-stricken of him. Thats how much a man can have an influence on others. Works Citied Achebe, Chinua. Gale Contextual cyclopaedia of globe Literature. Vol. 1. Detroit Gale, 2009. 4-8. Gale realistic destination Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Curry, Tim. Nigeria. Countries and Their Cultures. Ed. Carol R. Ember and Melvin Ember. Vol. . New York Macmillan annexe USA, 2001. 1624-1642. Gale Virtual name Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Gerard, Albert S. Achebe, Chinua (1930-). Encyclopedia of World Biography. Ed. Suzanne M. Bourgoin. 2nd ed. Detroit Gale Research, 1998. Nigeria. Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations. 11th ed. Vol. 2 Africa. Detroit Gale, 2004. 423-439. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Things Fall Apart. Literary Themes for Students War and Peace. Ed. Anne Marie Hacht. Vol. 2. Detroit Gale, 2006. 519-534. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010.Things fall apartA story or poem in which the characters setting and events stan d for other people and events or for abstract ideas or qualities. Alliteration- The repetition of the same consonant sounds in a sequence of words usually at the beginning of the word. Conflict- The opposition between characters or forces, especially opposition that motivates or shapes the action of the plot. Connotation- Associations and implications that go beyond the written word. Denotation- The dictionary definition of a word. Organizing- Use of hints or clues to suggest what will happen later in the story. Hyperbole- A bold, exaggerated statement. Metaphor- Comparison between like things without using like or as. Oxymoron- A paradox in which two contradictory or opposite words are used together. Personification- Animals, ideas, and inanimate objects are given human characteristics, abilities, or reactions. Satire- Witty language used to convey insults or scorn. Symbol- An object or action that means or stands for something else more significant than its literal meaning.Literar y Terms from A Step From Heaven My toes are fish metaphor The waves dance personification l am a sea bubble floating, floating in a dream metaphor, symbol sleepy blanket face imagery, metaphor like the insides of the bottles that get left on the street simile bleed water from the sea imagery, metaphor hands together tight like a closed book simile dark round monkey eyes imagery, metaphor sleepy eyes like cats in the sun simile, imagery like someone is poking it with a stick imagery soft and tickly as seagull feathers simile see my stomach she barks personification her long hair plays in the wind personification I thump my head like a ripe watermelon simile l watch Mammas shoes talk to the road personification big as fish mouths simile hair that can play in the wind, light as a kite simile Yes, I lie, quiet as snow simile waiting for Heaven foreshadowing until my mouth is ready to learn imagery big floppy tongue imagery let us say it is a step from Heaven foresh adowing Literary Terms from Copper Sun So shiny and smooth, Mari marveled. imagery Like weaving blankets out of sand. simile As round and brown as a Kola nut simile, imagery Fly my baby brother, Fly away foreshadowing It was like a small city made of wood imagery pieces of cloth, larger than a hut simile as much help as a rabbit in the rice field simile We done fell out of the tree and hit every branch on the way down metaphor hunger lived with them everyday personification she fight like a lion simile.Things Fall ApartJordan Knoke English 102 Ember Smith 21 June 2010 Things Fall Apart Chinua Achebe writes a fascinating book, Things Fall Apart, where he talks about the struggle of a man, Okonkwo, who lives between the pride of his culture and the pride of his manhood. Achebe is from, where the novel originates, Nigeria. Achebe has been one of the most influential and important authors in African history. It is very important to get a view from a native Africans point o f view a person who has seen what has gone on and experienced the trials and wars of Nigeria and other African countries.The Igbo religion was the primary religion in the village where the story is set. Okonkwo who has been in the village of Umofia for his entire life, starts to see the tribe transpire and shift away from its normal beliefs. This happens when Christian missionaries arrive in the country to try and turn the people of Umofia and other tribes to their religion of Christianity. Nigeria during this time was in difficult times because they were under the rule by Great Britain. Achebe does a wonderful job in the book describing how much of an influence the outsiders had.The culture, religion, ethics, spirit, war, peace, and labor are some of the words that describe this book in a nutshell. Things Fall Apart is a book of knowledge and discipline. These two characteristics are an underlying occurrence in the book. Okonkwo is man who displays both of these qualities, thus, wh ich leads to his downfall. Chinua Achebe, known for his bestselling novels, poems, and essays, was born in 1930 in Ogidi, Nigeria (Gerard). Achebe has been known for five great books, but the most read and talked about has been Things Fall Apart.Achebes books have been translated in some fifty languages. Especially in Africa and his homeland of Nigeria, Achebe is looked upon like a God and somebody that people can look up to. Achebe was very bright in his early years as a child he began to learn English when he was only eight years old (Achebe). In 1948, Achebe went to University College in Nigeria to initially study medicine, but something made him change his mind (Achebe). He changed his major to English literary studies to practice the skills of becoming a writer and learn about the practices of English culture.After graduating from University College, Achebe went on to become a producer for a Nigerian broadcasting company. It was not till after that, in London, that Achebe would truly find his talent of writing. One of his teachers in London had requested Achebe to publish and write the book, Things Fall Apart. The timing of the book could not have been any better because Great Britain had control over Nigeria and was severely pressured into colonizing the country. Within ten years of this conflict, Achebe published the book.It set off a vibe that usually does not go off when someone publishes a book. This book did just that. Things Fall Apart is the view from a small Nigerian village that sees its principles and doctrines taken over outsiders from another country. From a Nigerian who has probably seen this in happen in real life is very important to the people of Africa. For someone like Achebe to tell the story of Africans and how they live, eat, drink, and worship Gods tells the whole world how an everyday African lives.When a country rules over a territory or a certain land it can have a strangle on the people of that village, tribe, or colony. Chinua Achebe describes the setting of the story beautifully. In the village of Umofia men, women, and children are taught to be tough minded. This is the case for Okonkwo. A warrior who is tough, strong, disciplined, and well liked in his tribe. Achebe realizes the struggles and pains that Nigerians and other Africans go through. They struggle with money, time, and personal problems. These personal problems could be with a family member or it could be with their Gods or ancestors.This is why Achebe decided to write a book of this nature To ensure the people of Nigeria of nation building, economic building, and strong government. Two years after the book was written, Great Britain gave Nigeria its independence from them (Nigeria). This colossal achievement for the people of Nigeria gave them a new start in life a start that would allow them to be free and have the political and ethical freedom to do as they choose. Achebe has been one of the most inspirational and influential writers durin g his time because of his obvious background.Nigeria will probably never produce someone as important as Achebe ever again. Learning the process of becoming a writer for Achebe was definitely hard work. Growing up for Achebe was very difficult the conditions had to have been rough in the country of Nigeria where poverty and sickness were widely recognized. To grow up to be a man that he is now, that has been one of the greater achievements that any writer has achieved. Achebes parents Janet and Isaiah Achebe were very influential on his life. Isaiah Achebe was a teacher at the Chuch Missionary Society in Nigeria (Achebe).It is always important to have great idols and parents to look up to for that parent to set an example on their child so they can have a great life ahead of them. Achebe wrote five major books in his career Things Fall Apart (1958), No Longer at Ease (1960), Arrow of God (1964), A Man of People (1966), and Anthills of the Savannah (1987). All five of these major wor ks have something in common. They all have the same interest in African society and how religion, domestication, and nations collide with the outside world or within different countries.Achebe has done his part over the past 50 years, providing readers from all over the world the history, culture, and background that African society has been founded on for thousands of years. Since Achebe has settled down the past 10 or 20 years, he has received recognition and awards for his outstanding writing. He has received numerous doctorates and is an honorary member of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. In 1999, Achebe was honored by being appointed to the U. N Population Fund Achebes works throughout his career was also translated in 40 different languages (Achebe).In the story, Things Fall Apart, a man, Okonkwo struggles with his own tendencies and mishaps that cost him in the end of the story. Achebe, a native African, writing this book about the culture and life of a certain village in Nigeria was huge. It was huge because it was the first major novel written by an African about Africa. Challenges about the novel speak of the Western influence of Europe, such as Great Britain on African colonies and countries. The work of this book came around the time of decolonization, where western European countries gave independence to African counties, including Nigeria.What Achebe does so well throughout the entire book is that he lets the reader try and figure out if the Ibo people are romanticized or if the outsiders are actually there for some or no reason at all. Achebe lets the reader think and figure out the entire colonialism and impact of the white missionaries in Africa. One of the major themes that gets introduced throughout the book is the theme of war. War was a prominent way of life in Nigeria. If a man were not to fight in tribal wars, then he would be considered a coward that would not get the recognition of other prominent men in the trib es.Okonkwo, the main character, is a violent warrior who has been perceived as a person who looks for solutions in the way of war, violence, and death instead of resorting to peaceful solutions. The violence that Okonkwo shows to his friends, sons, daughters, and wives leads to the destruction of his image and reputation. Okonkwo also has a problem with softness and not being manly enough. Growing up, Okonkwos father, Unoka, was soft and gentle. He was not viewed as a warlike person or someone who would be a warrior of the tribes. Okonkwo did not want to be like this.He wanted to be the head of his household, also called obi, and wanted to be the person who killed the most men in war. That was his objective growing up in the village of Umofia. A man who does not back down, does not show his weaknesses, and does not want to lose no matter what. War has always been a way of life in this village. Fighting other colonies and tribes has been going on for thousands of years and will proba bly never stop. This is why Okonkwo portrays himself as a warlike person who does not like to show his softer side. The other theme that shows itself numerous times in the book is peace.Again Okonkwo struggles to find the connection within him to find peace. Peace is a tough thing to find if someone does not try hard enough to use it in the necessary scenarios. With his violent ways and backgrounds Okonkwo does not have that inner peace that could settle him down or resolve to a softer situation. He struggles mightily with the thought of peace being achieved. The situation changes before Okonkwos very eyes and the others of Umofia that the outside world is wanting to change the way people live in Africa. The downfall of Okonkwos life is derived between war and peace.Obtaining peace and fighting wars against other countries brings fate. It may not always be easy, but at the end of the day peace is given and a country is set free of captivity. The country of Nigeria has long been a co untry of disarray and in development. It has been a country of poverty and sickness. 250 ethnic tribes call Nigeria home. The three most major tribes are Yoruba, Igbo, and Hausa (Nigeria). Igbo, of course, is the main tribe that the book speaks of. Located in the western part of Africa, Nigeria is home to savannas, tropical forests, and coastal wetlands.Farming is a very important way of life in Nigeria, as with each country in Africa. Nigeria covers an area close to 360,000 square miles it is also twice the size of the state of California. The political state of Nigeria consists of thirty-six states. The capital of Nigeria is Abuja (Nigeria). It has been the capital since 1991. Nigeria is strong in ethnicity. The primary religions in the country are Muslim and Christians. These two religions make up about 90% of the ethnicity in Africa (Curry). However, between the two religions comes hardships and violence.Differences between beliefs of the two can present a problem, especially wh en they are two totally different ways of belief. When Great Britain began to get involved with nations in Africa, it set its eyes on Nigeria. It all began in 1887 when British forces began to surge on the eastern coast of Africa. Sir George Goldie, founder of the Royal Niger Company acquired the interior of Nigeria. Influence of British cultures and traditions was way too much of a factor in countries such as Nigeria. This influence set the basis for rule over the country by establishing the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria in 1900 (Curry).Through hardships and trying times, Nigeria was a country with one of the highest population rates and also a high rate of disease and poverty. In 1960 Nigeria became an independent member of the British Commonwealth. Then in 1963, becoming a republic. Nigerias first elected president ever to take over was Nnamdi Azikiwe (Curry). Things Fall Apart was probably one of the most interesting books to read because the language, history, and spirituali ty. These characteristics are what make Achebes book spectacular. The way he uses words makes him one of the best authors ever.The life of a man such as Okonkwo to end in such tragedy is always a shame. Especially when the main character who sees his village turn for the worst after British missionaries convert men, women, and children to Christianity. This is when we saw the rise and fall of a man who wanted to see his homeland keep its same values and not have outsiders come in and take everything over. Okonkwo was a main of strength, courage, and honor. These are the qualities that made him one of the most powerful and warrior-like men in the village. Achebe always does a wonderful job of portraying the use of a man and use of a woman.Men were obviously the more powerful and head of the house. Women, on the other hand, were basically servants and did not really hold that much authority. Achebe does a great job to focus on Okonkwo and how much his children and wives respect and ho w they are afraid of him. Thats how much a man can have an influence on others. Works Citied Achebe, Chinua. Gale Contextual Encyclopedia of World Literature. Vol. 1. Detroit Gale, 2009. 4-8. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Curry, Tim. Nigeria. Countries and Their Cultures. Ed. Carol R. Ember and Melvin Ember. Vol. . New York Macmillan Reference USA, 2001. 1624-1642. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Gerard, Albert S. Achebe, Chinua (1930-). Encyclopedia of World Biography. Ed. Suzanne M. Bourgoin. 2nd ed. Detroit Gale Research, 1998. Nigeria. Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations. 11th ed. Vol. 2 Africa. Detroit Gale, 2004. 423-439. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010. Things Fall Apart. Literary Themes for Students War and Peace. Ed. Anne Marie Hacht. Vol. 2. Detroit Gale, 2006. 519-534. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 21 June 2010.