CASE STUDY: CISCO SYSTEM INC. Essay

lake herring Systems, Inc. is a leading supplier of communications and computer networking produces, systems, and services. It was founded in 1984 by Len Bosack and Sandy Lerner. The companys product line includes routers, switches, remote rise to power devices, protocol translators, lucre services devices, and networking and network management software.cisco serves trey main market segments large organizations, including corporations, government entities, utilities, and educational institutions service providers, including Internet service providers, telephone and cable companies, and providers of wireless communications and small and medium-sized businesses whose ask include operating networks, connecting to the Internet, and connecting with business contributionners. Increasingly, lake herrings products are seem in the consumer marketplace. Cisco operates globally, deriving roughly 44 percent of its sales from overseas business.Challenges and Risks Faced in NPI1.Time-to- Market PressureCisco had to erect the unseasoned product extremely quickly There is only one family for Cisco to launch the Viking product to market with low embody. Otherwise, the market piece of ground might loss. However, it is about 3 to 5 years for Cisco to launch a advanced-end product. To meet such tighten schedule, it is imperative for Cisco group to perform a very collaborative operation and concurrent engineering in whole come forth chain and NPI phase2.Cost PressureBandwidth prices were forever and a day falling and customer expected continuous improvements in price-performance on their equipment. The opponent keeps intensive discount on price. Cisco had to implement most cost effective-supply chain at launch and product design.3.Immense Technical ComplexityThe product router contained about 300,000 components, about 30 times more than in a small business router. How to successfully launch such a high complexity product in a low cost squelch manufacturer like F oxconn requires Cisco monitor and cooperate with CM carefully.4.Outsourcing turnout of Complex MachinesIn order to put all the pieces together with the highest quality, reliableness and on-time performance required in the demanding service provider market. Cisco face the challenges inherent to outsourcing production of such a complex machine, and therefore Cisco would have to work closely with the contractor to reduce production and supply chain risks.5.Continuous Cost Down Pressure from Emerging MarketCisco needed to ensure that router would be attractive to service providers worldwide. Emerging markets were the fastest-growing part of Ciscos business, which needed lower cost, so keeping the routers costs was important to its global success.

ID Personal statement for Dental School Essay

Since I was a little child, I always imagine of being a medical doctor or a tooth doctor. This is credibly because my parents modelled the liking in me, for both of them were molding in a hospital. Although no(prenominal) of my parents was a physician or a nurse, spending measures in their offices and nonicing the doctors who were working in the hospital was the first glimmer in my wit to become a doctor. What exacerbated the desire is the situation I went through at the age of fifteen. My begetter was diagnosed with kidney failure at that time.It was the start of the trinity wicked and unforgettable days in my life. This is the time and the situation that greatly influenced my desire for working in a medical field. Before that time, I bonny saw physicians, and this was the first time that I was experiencing the living with a unhurried. My scrams disease was harsh, and for the first three or four months, contrary specialists to make him ready for haemodialysis visite d him. Then, for the rest of his life, he had to go to the hospital three times a week and each time for three hours to be dialyzed.During the first months of my fathers disease, noticing different patients with different form of diseases and all the pain that they were suffering from, made me to think more approximately being a doctor. I wondered if I could ease those patients, or if I was good enough to become a doctor. During last three years of my fathers life, I was always with him. Leaving in a country with well equipped hospitals but poor patient cordial reception services, my mother and I had to take care of e trulything ourselves. During those years, I had the opportunity to happen different departments of hospitals, different physicians, and patients with different disease.All these things made me more serious-minded somewhat my decision to work in a medical field. When my father died, I promised to myself to put all my effort to become a psyche who can help the p atient alike my father to mother a better and less painful life. Being a dentist and so offers me the opportunity to get in touch with a diversity of peoples and help them to ease the pain and suffering they get from one the worst pains in human body, which is toothache. I believe that dentistry is a frame of art and a dentist has to confuse skilled hands. It is just like an art of playing the guitar or making jewellery.Just as it took me time to learn the guitar and I ended up being a very good player, so is my determination in becoming a dentist. I picture it as a very precise art that need a combination of expertise skills and enjoyment to serve a patient to make them finally happy. Just as the jewel artist is diligent to go through a process of skill and expertise application, with the pauperization of coming up with a beautiful ornament, so a dentist should in having his or her final product a happy patient. In all this, I therefore look forward to joining the dental school to pursue this career.My education background is thus as follows I graduated as an honor student, with blue GPA from a high school in Iran. I there after graduated from northern Virginia Community College as an honor student with GPA of 3. 957(Associate Degree in Biology). Arriving at USA in 2005, community college gave me the opportunity to study and work at the same time. Without my family, it was hard for me to afford to go directly to the university. I was therefore left with this exclusively option. I proceeded to George Mason University where I am a senior student. My Current overall GPA is 3. 3 class GPA is 3. 95 and I Major in Biology.I go through enrolled to Biology honor computer programme and I will be graduating as an honor student in this major. Vested with great responsibility for excellent performance, I am inquisitive and of an analytical mind. Moreover, I am ready and right away to learn, a team player, self-driven and result oriented. In that respect, I am a member of George Mason university pre-dental society and Tau Sigma national honor society. I have pursued the opportunities presented to me to advance my understanding of the subjects I have studied.For instance, I enrolled for the honors program at George Mason University. In the course of my honors program, which was general genetics, I have researched about cancer and telomerase activity. I believe, however, that the pursuit of deeper scientific understanding is not limited to the classroom. I have used my shadowing opportunities not only as practical learning experiences, but also as a chance to ask questions from the dentist I have shadowed. Whenever I perceive a word or saw an unfamiliar procedure, I asked about it.

Business Organizations

Community Counseling Service Need for non-competition clause in contract but must be c atomic play 18ful not to violate public ppolicy What is the vocation of a party to the soused when he is planning to leave but hasnt yet left? You poopnot essay out firms clients while you atomic number 18 still operative there Hamburger Did not solicit clients line of business while he was still their employ Anderson Rule categorical fiducial duty obliges the fiduciary to act in the best interests of his client or beneficiary and to abstain from self-interested behavior not specific e actuallyy al starting timeed by the drill contract.Easterbrook and Fischel Rule knockout to apply in practice socially optimal fiduciary rules approximate the bargain that iinvestors and agent would strike if they were able to dicker at no cost. (not a great rule because there are ceaselessly effect costs) Limitations on the right to discharge Foley Must decide what the relationship between the part ies is independent contractor, employee, etc? Cannot be fired for irrational reasons or for certain defend reasons (if employee) Employees invest and rely, thereof they need protectionAlleged public ppolicy employees doing the right thing for their employer greet says there is no public interest in helping a private employer Employers interest ? public interest Employer handbook can be used as evidence to prove it is not at-will employment Tortious breach of good faith and fair dealing butterfly says no, there would be no duty to mitigate for contract breaches, therefore its not a good idea debt instrument to Creditors (39-49) Blackburn P reasonably believed A was acting with the authority of P, P did nothing to dissuade her belief Sennot All first mates are agents for the principal, by default PARTNERSHIP Partnerships and former(a) Non-Corporate Forms GPs An association of two or more people to carry on, as co-owiners of a business for lettuce A lot of litigation is clea r-cut on whether or not the parties were co-owiners Intent that counts is not the creation of a union, but the intent to carry on a business for profit as co-owner Evidence of whether or not there is a partnershipControl Sharing of profits and losses JVs Partnership for a special(a) time and limited purpose LPs Limited partners are very often standardized stock pallbearers they are just investing their m 1y, they dont take for management rights/ mights and are not liable for partnership debts Generally, only one general partner and multiple limited partners/ passive iinvestors Cannot accidentally autumn into a limited partnership because LPs must be registered with the government (gen. state) LLCsForm of a business physical composition for a small number of people with a relatively close relationship but who dont inadequacy to be individualisedly liable for business expenses As ssimilar as workable to a stool without being taxed like a corporation Interests are not free ly transferrable like in a corporation LLPs Same as general partnership except creditors cannot go subsequently partners personal wealth for partnership debt LLLPs The general partner is no long-lasting liable for partnership debts Same can be achieve if the GP is a smart set (or some other non-human) Characterizing the RelationshipByker v. Mannes The definitive way to secure your relationship is not characterized as a general partnership is to bring forth a different token of business system of rules You can always leave a partnership, at any time You can evanesce into GPship Hynansky v. Vietri H never filed a partnership tax return and toughened the losses as his own Pretty iron-clad rule you have a to have a right to profits to be considered a partner Sharing Profits and losses Kovacik v. Reed Didnt talk roughly who was going to share losses One gave money, the other gave only sweat Default rule is that losses follow profitsLost oopportunity costs for both parties fid uciary Duty (75-87) Duty of Loyalty Meinhard v. Salmon Question of fiduciary duty Meinhard claims Salmon should have told him about the new deal Salmon got the oopportunity with being a partner, therefore he owes Meinhard, at least, the duty to exhibit Salmon has a duty to Meinhard in their vulgar business what is their common business? Revised Partnership Act 403 Duty of care 404 Duty of loyalty 103(b) Set of default rules, subject to limitations (3) duty of loyalty cannot be taken away Self-dealingBusiness OrganizationsFounders syndrome When founders try to hang on to sustain to the detriment of the organization is capaciously identified as an issue for non-profit and for-profit organizations. Recently, its emerged as a concern in the world of tech start-ups, where founder denomination with the business or product is often as passionate and personal as that of social entrepreneurs (Linnell, 2004 Rowat, 2007).The common thread in founders syndrome across sectors is the type of person who establishes a non-profit, tech firm, or social entrepreneurship. In all instances, these individuals tend to be passion-driven people with a sense of personal flush that translates to their organization.They are, understandably, highly identified with the organizations they create, and this individual sense of commitment is often detailed to bringing the organization through its early process stages.There is no surmise the founder is central in the early days of social entrepreneurship.Later, during the maturation stage, the founder may retain leadership importance to a earthshaking degree and, according to Johnson (2014), there is evidence that founders, with their charisma and persuasive ability, are vital to attracting investor capital during the scaling stage (Johnson, 2014).At the critical growth stage, it is necessary for businesses to replace individual leadership with corporate leadership, establishing the disposal systems and processes mandatory by lar ger, more complex, and necessarily more accountable, organizations. Founders who cannot or will not let go of personal influence when this moment arrives inadvertently thwart the future of their organization and its mission with their determination to stay in control.none of this may ultimately be the founders fault. In fact, rather than being seen as a mischance on the part of the founder, founders syndrome is seen as a failure of a more extensive organizational leadership that allows a focussing on the founder to distract from a focus on business dodge and mission (Schmidt, 2013).Businesses that neglect to create governance systems create a climate where founders syndrome (among other issues) can adversely affect the company. Good governance practice provides a way for organizations to make a smooth variation from founder-led to governing board-led organization.Establishing a strong, unified, independent board with robust accountability and decision-making systems makes compan ies subject of avoiding some of the worst negative impacts of founders syndrome without destroying the positive benefit the founder brings to the organization or sacrificing the connection between mission and business established by the founder.Business organizationsBusiness organizations today operate in an environment that is characterized by intense global competition.A sound strategical management perspective is positive for any enterprise to achieve sustainable strategic competitiveness and cook above average returns. Business leaders need to adopt a new mind-set that values flexibility, speed, innovation, integration and the challenges that evolve from ever ever-changing conditions (Hitt & Duane 2006 2-10).Intel heap of the US is the worlds largest semiconductor unit company. capital of Minnesota Otellini is its Chief Executive Officer and Craig Barrett is the Chairman, Board of Directors.Intel combines advanced chip endeavor capability with a leading-edge manufactu ring capability. It unveiled its new branding and marketing strategy in the year 2006. It included a new logo and tagline Intel jump ahead in accordance with the changing times (Edwards 2006 43-53).Today Intel is the leading shaper of high quality processors, chipsets, motherboards, adapters, Ethernet controllers, micro controllers, PCI bridges, storage systems etc. for a wide range of applications like desktop, laptop, servers and workstations, networking communications, consumer electronics, health care sector and entertainment industry.A quite a little is a road map showing the route a company intends to take in developing and strengthening its business. Well-conceived vision statements are characteristic and specific to a given organization. (Thomson, et. Al., 2006, pp. 15-20).The vision of Intel Corporation is At Intel, we constantly push the boundaries of innovation in order to make peoples lives more exiting, more fulfilling, and easier to manage. Our unwavering commitmen t to moving technology earlier has transformed the world by leaps and bounds.We are a company thats always in motion, fuelling an industry that never rests. We inspire our partners to develop advanced(a) products and services, rally the industry to support new products, and drive industry standards. We do this so that we can collectively bear better solutions with greater benefits more quickly.Through its vision statement Intel Corporation has set a very clear and convincing road map for its sustained growth and success.An organizations mission is the very purpose or the reason for the instauration of the organization. The mission statement of Intel is very well conceived and defines the fundamental reason or unique purpose of its existence.It sets the company apart from other firms of its type in the semiconductor industry. It too promotes a sense of shared expectations in its employees and it also communicates a positive image about itself to important stakeholders of the com pany like its shareholders. Objectives are the end results of all the planned activities of a given company.The objectives of Intel Corporation are to extend leadership in silicon and platform manufacturing, deliver architectural innovation for market-driven platforms and drive worldwide growth. The achievement of the objectives so say by Intel Corporation will definitely result in the fulfilment of its mission statement.Scanning of the external environment helps the companies to understand and analyze external strategic issues and factors to identify the opportunities and threats facing it.The factors having the greatest impact on the companys strategy-shaping mainly pertain to the companys immediate Industry and the environment in which it operates. Intel Corporation is a leading player in the semiconductor industry which comprises of all organizations that are engaged in the design and frame of semiconductor devices.Currently in the semiconductor industry the threat of new entr ants is low as the entry barriers are high. The industry is characterized by rapid technological advances, continuous product innovations, economies of scale in manufacturing of the products and strong learning/ engender curve effects driving down costs continuously.The inter firm rivalry is high and there is intense competition between the study players in this industry like Intel, Samsung, Texas Instruments, ST Microelectronics, NXP, Freescale, Infineon etc. The threat of substitutes and the negotiate power of the suppliers in the semiconductor industry is low.As the industry sells to a small number of very large customers who buy in very large quantities the bargaining power of the customers is very high. The relative power of the other stake holder that is the government is high as the U.S. government regulates exports and certain uses of some types of semiconductors imputable to their potential use in military applications.

Baumol’s “Sales Maximisation Hypothesis?” Essay

To what extent does empirical evidence on corporate objectives last the predictions of Baumols Sales Maximisation Hypothesis?In Neo-Classical Economic surmisal of a fuddled, the owners of a regular argon involved in the daytime to day running of the firm, and on that pointfore their main desire is loot maximation. In reality firms be most likely run by motorcoachs and non by the owners. Because of this in that respect is a lack of goal congruence among the two. Baumol (1959) suggests that manager controlled firms argon more likely to have gross r heretoforeue tax maximation as their main goals rather than profit maximisation favoured by shareholders.He shows that there are several explanations for the managerial emphasis on sales maximisation rather than maximising dough sources of debt closely superintend sales of firms and are more forgeting to finance firms with growing or large sales figures lay- off necessitated by fall in sales leads to industrial unrest and unfavourable investment climate and with decreased sales (and consequently decreased market power) the firm enjoys lesser powers to adopt effectual competitive tactics. As well as managers power and prestige and raze salaries are more closely cor tie in with sales as to bread. Judged in this perspective, sales maximisation can be said to be the supreme objective in managerial decision making, where ownership and management are clearly separated.This review of evidence will examine the advantages and limitations of Baumols supposition on sales-maximisation. The mass of empirical evidence shows that there poor correlation surrounded by the remuneration of top managers and the profit performance of their comp alls, instead sale revenue enhancement is seen as the major contri plainlyor to the salaries of managers. McGuire et al. (1962) tried to test Baumols contention that managers salaries are much more closely related to scale of operations of the firm than with profitabilit y. They devised simple correlation coefficients mingled with executive income and sales revenue and profits over the seven-year time period 1953-9 for 45 of the largest 100 industrial corporations in the US. Their explore showed that the correlation between salaries and sales was much greater than with profits. They recognise that there are serious limitations with using simple correlation analysis and the point that correlation does not necessarily imply causation. Due to this the research they make cannot be proved to be decisive. D. R. Roberts found that executive earnings are correlated closely with the size of sales and not the level of profits. He used a cross section of 77 american firms for the period 1948-50.This evidence supports Baumols claim that managers have strong reason to pursue amplification of sales rather than increase profits. Conyon and Gregg (1994) produced a study of 177 firms between 1985 and 1990, it showed that take over of the top executives in la rge companies in the UK was most strongly related to relative sales harvest (i.e. relative to competitors). They also found that it was just now weakly related to a pertinacious destination performance evaluate ( be shareholder returns) and not at all to current accounting profit. Furthermore, growth in sales resulting from takeovers was more highly rewarded than internal growth. This evidence supports baumols effrontery that sales maximisation is better related than profit, to executive rewards and corporate performance. lucrativeness and executive pay appear to be largely unrelated, suggesting that other managerial objectives might be given priority e.g. sales revenue. However total remuneration packages for top executives may be linked to profitability, helping to align the interests of managers more closely to the interests of shareholders.Shipley (1981), in a major study cerebrate that further 15.9% of 728 UK firms questi adeptd are true profit maximisers. The majority of the firms answered that the aim of their firms is for fair to middling profits. Hornby (1994) conducted a study off 77 Scottish companies and found that only(prenominal) 25% of the respondents are profit maximisers according to the Shipley test. And again the majority of the firms preferred satisfactory profits to profit maximisation. Although the study tells us little about sales maximisation, Shipley found that it was ranked fourth among principle determine objectives, and nearly half the firms included sales revenue as at least part of their garnish of objectives. Larger companies were the ones that cited sales revenue as their principal goal. Since larger companies have a greater separation between ownership and management control, this lends support to Baumols theory. Marby and Siders (1966/7) computed correlation coefficients between sales and profits over 12 years, 1952-63, for 120 large American organisations. Zero or negative correlations between profits and sales w ould support Baumols hypothesis.The findings showed positive satisfying correlations between sales revenues and profits. This does not necessarily contradict Baumols hypothesis as sales and profits are positively correlated in Baumols modeling up to the point of maximising profits. Even when they concentrated on true data from 25 companies which they thought had been operating at scales of output beyond the levels corresponding to maximum profit. Correlations between profits and sales were still more often than not positive. This evidence is interpreted as refuting the sales-maximisation hypothesis. These studies solicit the case for and against Baumols theory of sales-maximisation. Although there have been some studies conducted to test Baumols hypothesis, the empirical evidence is not conclusive in favour for or against the sales-maximisation hypothesis.Many argue that Baumols theory has many flaws, such persons are M H Peston and J R Wildsmith. behavioural theory opposes th e idea of a firm seeking to maximise any objective. Management are more likely to hold a set of minimum targets to hold the various stakeholder groups in balance. In practice, profit maximisation in the long term is a major goal for firms, but sales revenue is an important short term goal, though even here a profit target may still be part of the goal set. A widely used technique in the management of larger firms, portfolio planning, would seem to support the behaviourist view that no single objective will usefully help predict firm behaviour in a given market.In Neo-Classical Economic theory of a firm it suggests, the owners of a firm are involved in the day to day running of the firm, and therefore their main desire is profit maximisation. Managers are supposed to maximise shareholders wealth by investment nitty-gritty such as CAPM, NPV and ARR. This is the traditional means for the modern day manager to increase shareholder wealth. Agency theory explains that shareholders and ma nagers have a consanguinity which is crucial to the modern firm. Managers run the company on behalf shareholder and shareholders will reward them with high salary. However this is not always the case as human nature dictates that self-interest, wealth, and power will come into the equation. Managers may start up building empire, maximise sales and take on long term and complicated projects which only they understand and this will make it difficult for shareholders to gouge them.This is typical of most western economies and former chief executive policeman of News international James Murdoch argues in Mctaggart lecture 2007, the only steady-going perpetual guarantor of independence is profits signalling that maximising profits is the only compass to measure success. This is reflective of the neoclassical economic theory and this prove will examine the advantages and limitations of sales maximisation. . argument for the theory of sales maximisation but there is serious limitation s and that is the behavioural difference between long run profit maximisation and sales maximisation that there are no conclusive econometric tests as the difference is very subtle. and so there has to be more future research into testing what the blusher differences are between sales and profits. Also there has to be one to one interviews into the psychology of Managers in the firms that they running as some argue for profits whilst some argue for sales e.g. James Murdoch speech. The use of postal questionnaires for use in studies can bring evidence that is not In summary that is conducted for Baumols hypothesis empirical evidence is not conclusive in favour for and against the sales maximisation hypothesis.

Summation of “Desire: Intoxicationâ€Plant: Marijuana”

Plants produce a variety of chemical substances for a variety of reasons. Most popular is the production of a toxin to repel animals. The ancient Chinese and possibly some other cultures became aware of the erect of marijuana by watching animals that had eaten flowers and seeds.Cultivation for human practice began untold centuries ago and plant was used for clothing and fiber as well as for the high produced. Cultivation in the U.S. is illegal with uncommon exceptions. The author considers the illegality of cultivation to be a great reason wherefore not to grow it he relates a story of how he feared beingness busted years ago when growing some. He also washed-out time in Amsterdam researching this topic.Pot is legal in Amsterdam and it is the drumhead headquarters for pot growers. U.S. law prohibiting growing pot inadvertently caused growers to go indoor. Growers soon discovered the difference between hemp sativa and cannabis indica indica is easier to grow.Growers soon dev eloped highly potent strains such as proud Haze, Northern Lights, Skunk 1. The idea is to grow and clone only female person plants as the unpollinated flower has the greatest potency. Indoor growers use high-pressure atomic number 11 and other exotic lights and grow hydroponically. Profits can be huge.There is a great deal discussion on the popularity of pot as well as the effect on users. The effect can be considered transcendental, religious, empowering, etc. Note is do that the late scientist Dr. Carl Sagan had written anonymously about the virtues of pot.Most users report greater sense and enhanced focus on what is at hand. The brain makes a chemical (cannabinoid) virtually identical to active ingredient THC brain is precise receptive to these chemicals. There are problems with short-term memory loss. Conclusion man like intoxication and gardens will provide it.

Influence of Sex in Society

awake plays a major role in todays monastic order. From television, radio, music, and advertisework forcets, to video games, the Internet, and even machination and pictures, all ashess of media use enkindle to help sell their products. With the worldly concern be exposed to so m any(prenominal) diametrical types, the overuse and exploitation of shake up is common. Is end up a useful tool, or a ploy to aspire the attention of the public? Before discussing sex in the media, angiotensin-converting enzyme mustiness understand why it has come to be that people use sex as a gimmick. The writing of modern history has resulted in a viewpoint that is nonhing short of a stag party.The history of women is ignored, tranquil up, and censored in the most literal sense of the term. This method of eliminating the mixer and political destiny of half of gentlemanity is the most effective form of supremacy. (Janssen-Jurreit, 1982, pp. 15-16) The world we live in today is still man-mad e, no slight now then in the nineteenth century. Eve Z aremba states in fringe benefit of wind Womens self-awareness as late- heraldic bearing(prenominal)s has until truly recently reflected the worlds (i. e. mens) image of them how well their ain performance matched potent expectations.As English Canadians began to develop an identity in 19th century society, they mirrored the ideals for women of the Victorian period gentility, weakness, ignorance and submissiveness. (Zaremba, 1974, p. i ) These person roles, as described by Oneill and Leone in Male/Female Roles fence Viewpoints as the relationship of a man or woman to society on the basis of gender, became essential in shaping male and female attitudes towards one another(prenominal). Over the past twenty years remarkable changes in these traditional male and female roles drive been witnessed.The subsequent impact on men, women, and families due to these changes is recalld to be, by more social historians, ca apply by the re-emergence of the womens movement. (p. 13) Though a positive alteration of roles has occurred, how is it that children of this century still may obey stereotypes? A baby is born accrediting nothing, but full of potential. (p. 19) Oneill and Leone believe that the appendage by which an individual becomes a creature of society, a socialized human cosmos, reflects culturally defined roles and norms.The first crucial question asked by the parents of a newborn baby is What is it? A boy or a little girl? (p. 25) Other queries ab appear attributes of health and physical conditions are only brought up afterwards, the first priority is to establish its sex. Indeed, almost immediately, gender identity is permanently stamped on the child by the name it is given. (p. 26) Recent research has completed beyond a doubt that males and females are born with a different set of instructions built into their genetic code.Studies at Harvard University and elsewhere presentation that mark ed differences surrounded by male and female baby behaviour are already obvious in the first months of life. Females are more(prenominal) point towards people. Male infants, on the other hand, are more interested in things. Stanford psychologists Karl Pribram and Dianne McGuinness conclude that women are communicative animals magical spell men are manipulative animals. Some people believe this is hereditary, while others think that if boys and girls were brought up in exactly the same way then all behavioral differences between men and women would evaporate.Beginning in early adolescence, children develop their own ideas of male and female roles with the perception of the conduct and activities of his or her parents and other adults in their world, including characters on television. Young people are exposed to advertising from a very(prenominal) early age. The effect, says the Ontario Ministry of Education, especially of advertising on television, has a signifi houset bearing on girls and boys behaviour, and their aspirations. To most children the commercial message is another piece of data received from the television set.It is often difficult for them to distinguish truth from fiction, specially when the fiction is packaged in compelling words, striking images, and catchy music. (Ontario Ministry of Education, 1975, pp. 5-7) An overwhelm amount of the visualizations that young churls confab are the stereotypical images of women and girls. This almost makes it see legitimized, states Hon. David Macdonald, as it is reinforced and perpetuated by the mass dissemination of these images in broadcasting. (Macdonald, 1979, p. 3)Children know in their minds that women, like men, come in all ages, shapes, sizes, and colours, but they do not see this represented in the broadcast media. The increasing transition of womens lives is also omitted in most broadcasting. For example, commercials and programming most often impersonate women as mothers performin g domestic tasks, as economically dependent homemakers, or as sexual lures for products or decorative objects. Such images constitute a limiting or narrowing of womens, mens, and childrens perceptions of themselves and their roles in society. (pp. -5)Sheila Copps made public her comments that male chauvinist and racist stereotypes were prominent in advertising. (Curtis, 1996, p. 6) A member of the Canadian advertize Foundation (CAF), Patrick McDougall, awaked back by saying Copps had no pool cue what the CAF does and adds that Canadian advertising has immensely cleaned up its act and that in that location is very little if any sexist advertising being broadcasted. (p. 6)The overall mental ability of television nowadays has changed dramatically from that of the past. Today characters deal more and more with important issues much(prenominal) as teen pregnancy, stds, spousal abuse, and birth control. Impoco, 1996, p. 58) quintet to ten years ago, this subject matter was unhea rd of for use in programming content, as TV families tended to be occupied with trivial things such as turn uprageous c muddlehing and hairstyles. Although Canadians have improved their broadcasting standards, not everyone is completely following their trend.In an intensive study done on American programming, it was found that a sexual act or denotation occurred every four minutes on average during prime time. (p. 59) wind Sells, the old adage goes. (Menzies, 1996, p. ) Sexiness, as a component of the good life, is a staple for advertisers Coca-Cola decorated its drug-store posters at the turn of the century with coquettish young women who male drinkers wished to date and female drinkers to emulate. (Carter, 1996, p. 53)Finnish yogurt makers ran an ad with hot, young, well-built Finnish boys holding containers of yogurt, with the slogan Less fat, more taste. Eat it. This worked up a scandal and nationwide debate. A formal pole was conducted on these ads and whatsoever intere sting statistics were produced. Two-thirds of respondents were male, and two-thirds theme the ad was sexist.There was a acuate contrast in the female contingent, as the vast majority of whom thought the ads were sexy and quite acceptable (Holland, 1996, p. 31) These stats just prove that when the shoe is on the other foot, women view ads much in the same way that men do, and men are offended at seeing themselves portrayed as objects. Nowadays everyone seems so sensitive about anything brought up in the media. eve when it comes to the etiquette of using sex appeal in advertising, it seems that there is a wrongly way (exploit women) and a right way (exploit men).The pendulum has swung the other way now. If one is to gaze upon an exposed chest in an ad these days, chances are it belongs to a man. Male models have emerged as the politically correct babes of the 90s. Yet, pray tell, where is the vast public outcry? (Menzies, 1996, p. 9) Mediawatch, an organization that monitors the depiction of women and girls in the media, admits that you certainly see more naked male flesh today, than you did three years ago. They share that the effects of objectification on men and women arent equal because men and women arent equal to receive with.Author of this column, David Menzies writes Hmmm, I still dunno. Isnt a double standard, by any other name, still a double standard? (p. 9) There is another more terrible problem then offending the genders, with sex in the media today.. Advertising images featuring young models in suggestive poses are sending out sinister messages to pedophiles, according to one of Australias leading forensic psychiatrists, William Glaser. He argues that some advertising messages are giving pedophiles subconscious approval to commit crime. Its a very subtle thing, but a young girl session suggestively in a revealing bikini can send out the wrong message, Glaser says. He adds I dont blame the advertising industry, but feels it fuels the fire when it comes to pedophilia. (Johnson)Also, the attractiveness of sexual aggression as crime news, and therefore as prime news, has been recognized by many newspapers lately. While comfortably underground under the cloak of objective crime reporting, sexual violence can be endlessly exploited for its titillating value, its crypto pornographic quality and its sexist slant. (Johnson, 1997, p. 24) As rape and sexual assault became a more serious social problem in the 80s, this prime news story has helped many papers to sell more copies in the competitive news market, while creating an impression of responsive and responsible reporting.Newspapers are adept in spotting issues that arouse general interest and they then subtly alter the harm of the debate to achieve the end result of selling newspapers and making a profit, alleged authors Maria Los and Sharon Chamond. There is a thin line when it comes to educating the public on a problem, or exploiting it for its shock value. (Los and Chamond, 1997, p. 93)Although this is a horrible exploitation, there is yet another form of media that rivals this problem. The Internet is the worst for having excessive sex in the media, as it is not regulated. All of the other forms of broadcasting have some sort of committee or association that analyzes and approves all ads and shows forwards they are released to the public. With the Internet, there currently are no real shipway of suppressing the content. There are programs such as Net Nanny that leave not open sites containing certain material, but whats stopping a kid from dismission over to a friends house or to school and going to the Playboy site?With its vast geographical span, the Internet has the most legion(predicate) amounts of possibilities for media purposes, due to its ability to reach anyone that can access a modem. Problems such as pornography and hackers generate a fear in a lot of people and scare them from using one of the greatest schooling resourc es of our world. Weve all seen and heard how sex is used in todays media. With all of these problems and outcries being raised about it, some may as why is it used at all? Well sex is a part of life, everyones life. It is a common ground to all people.Everyone will experience it or will be or have been affected by it. Producers, advertisers, writers and musicians must believe that if they include it in what theyre trying to sell to the public, people will someway relate to it, and be drawn in by it. A lot of times, writers and critics just go overboard and over analyze things that may not be as terrible as they make them out to be. Sex in advertising can be a useful and educational tool, when employed properly, but if people in the media offend just as much of society as they win over, by producing worthless, excessive overloads of centre candy, then the use of sex is wasted.

Business Loan Procedure

Investigation On pedigree Loan Procedure In action mechanism 2, we have been asked to do investigating business loan procedure in three gamy street vernacular. We have been through some high street banks like HSBC, Barclays, Lloyds TSB, Santander, and Halifax. Among the five popular high street bank we have got three banks which ar helping investor about business loan. They are- 1. HSBC 2. Lloyds TSB 3. Barclays transit Of Business Loan ApplicationIn order to give a business loan every bank follows some specific criteria, which are given below. 1. Deciding on business finance 2. Contacting with bank 3. structure a finance application 4. Applications assessment 5. Business manager makes initial decision 6. Business manager works with reference book team 7. The credit manager role 8. Business manager explains the decision. pigment Features and benefits of Three High Street Banks Barclays 1. Barclays bank offers ? 1,000 to ? 25,000. 2. Loan refund termination is 1- 10 years. . Interest rate is fixed. 4. 6 months refund holiday available. 5. No early repayment fees. HSBC 1. Business loan limit is ? 1,000 to ? 25,000. 2. Loan repayment term is 1to 10 years. 3. Fixed pursuit rate. 4. Funds can be credited on the same day when agreed. 5. Rebate facilities for the early repayment. 6. ? one C loan constitution fee. Lloyds TSB 1. ?1,000 to ? 1,00,000 business loan limit is available. 2. Loan repayment term is 12months to 10 years. 3. Fixed interest rate. 4. 1. 5% loan arrangement fee. . Fund availability is not guaranteed on the same when agreed. In conclusion, the basic process to halt a business loan is almost like for every bank. However in order to prefer a adequate business loan should be considered on maximum limit of the loan, interest rate of the loan and how flexible to repay the loan. After go through all of these criteria we think Barclays is the most suitable bank for our business to get the loan as they have repayment holiday facility, and good universal support.

Evaluation to organisational learning practices

Organisation accommodate findings which atomic number 18 r discloseine, daily in nature, operational or strategic in nature which has to do with the somatic or organizational plan on how to operate and carry step up its habit in order to effectively and efficiently attain its tar wedges and goals. These finishs some fourth dimensions forget in consequences that argon non favour qualified to the nerve. Sometimes the organisation stands to pay dearly for embarking on the wrong finality, or making a beautiful stopping point at the wrong time. thereof, organisational skill is a way out and a field, which contemporary organisations start adopted in nurture to abide by and make fields to erroneous decisions in the operational strategy of the organisation. The mise en scene and content of the organisations operations be studied the diversity associated with it is taking into cognisance. And how this affects the organisational managerial functions of Planning, Organis ing, Staffing, co-ordinating, Reporting and Budgeting, is likewise studied so as to bring about effective and efficient decision making in the organisation.What repose does military rank play in the organisational scholarship make outs? Since rating is a useful tool in the hands of managers of administration, it is seen that evaluation approaches set pricey record at providing accurate, effectual and appropriate randomness in undivided and the organisational successful decision making. Thus, the kernel of this write up is to peruse and critically analyse the contri justion of evaluation to organisational schooling praxiss. CONCEPTUALISATION OF TERMS What Is Organisational reading?A prominent scholar that has contri aloneed immensely in the field of organisational instruction is Prof. Chris Argyris. He has to his credit several books on organisational development. And likewise the works of move into Schon is highly recognised. erudition accordion to Argyris and Schon (19782), involves the detection and correction of error. Organisational learning concerns on how organisations learn to be positioned effectively in detecting and making correction to unfavourable decision and organisational strategy.The rapid changing environment that most organisations lift out had do the acquisition of new cognition difficult and problematic. Even if tilt is endemic this is questionable. As well as being proactive or simply passive, organisations may also be victims of excessive change (Mande, 2005). As a way of carrying out organisational learning, Argyris and Schon (1974), came up with the Single-Loop Learning and Double-Loop Learning. In Single-Loop learning, given or chosen goals, values, plans and rules argon operationalised rather than questioned.According to smith (2001), single-loop learning seems to be present when goals, values, frameworks and to a signifi brookt, extent strategies atomic number 18 taken for granted. In single-loop learnin g the fundamental programme is not questioned the overwhelming amount of learning do in an organisation is single-loop learning, since it is designed to identify and correct errors so that the personal line of credit gets done and the action remains at bottom stated policy, guidelines. (Argyris, 1993). Single-loop learning is set forth as a hold in that learns when it is hot or too frigidity and turns the heat on or off.This is performed with the study received by the thermostat regarding the room temperature and take tonic measures. The Double-loop learning gives question to governing variables themselves, to topic them to critical scrutiny. Such learning may them lead to an alteration in the governing variables and, thus, a shift in the way in which strategies and consequences be framed. (Argyris and Schon, 1974). To Usher and Bryant (198987), Double-loop learning involves questioning the role of framing and learning systems which be actual goals and strategies.Argyris (1974 1982 1990) argues that double loop learning is necessary if practitioners and organisations are to make informed decisions in rapidly changing and often uncertain contexts Edmondson and Moingeon (1990160) points it that The netherlying theory, congested by years of empirical seek, is that the reasoning processes employed by persons in organisations inhibit the exchange of relevant information in shipway that make double-loop learning difficult and all but impossible in situations in which much is at stake. This create a dilemma as these are the very organisational situations in which double-loop learning is most needed.The diagram below illustrate and represent the process of organisational single and double-loop learning. Source Mark K. smith 2001, Chris Argyris Theories of action, double loop learning and organisational learning. The diagram illustrates that consequences from the organisational decisions and strategies that are unfavourable under the single-loop lear ning, these are modified in line with organisations actions and strategy, but under the double-loop learning there is an over all change and riposte to other governing variables that seem better and operationalisable in effective science of the organisational goal.What Is Evaluation ? In the process of making decisions about organisation practices and strategies some(prenominal) alternatives are forgone for a chosen one. And it hold up necessary to assess the chosen option so as to know if really it meets its target or in other words, if the choice for choosing it is not a wrong choice. In this same vain, Fadeyi (199974), has it that Once appropriate alternatives have been isolated, the next step in decision making is to evaluate them and select the one that will exceed contribute to the goal.This is the point of ultimate decision making. Evaluation, according to Williams (2005), is a field that accurately, validly, and rigorously explores the values or worth of human activitie s. The experimental condition is most leafy vegetablely applied to the assessment of publicly funded social programs, but can cover just about any to include umpteen elements which make it useful in decision making. However, to Oksanen (2005), evaluation is not a magic cure for all situations rather, the launch of an evaluation has to be well-planned and it must be establish on move in goals.Evaluation is an assessment of set plan, decision or strategy of an organisation or individual, or a assemblage etc, to see if they are able to effectively meet the target, documentals or goals to which they are drawn to meet. Thus, evaluation enables any organisation to know whether to modify and real organisation an existing organisation plan or strategy, or to install it aside and choice another alternative, or better still to keep an eye on on adopting the same strategy and plan if there is no random variable between its expected result and actual result.Though, sometimes evaluati on has not successfully bring together individual and organisational decision making. As Williams (2005) puts it naturalized evaluation approaches have a good record at providing accurate, valid and appropriate insights, but have had mixed success in acquire these incorporated into individual and organisation decision making. Nevertheless evaluation has been an effective tool in better decision making in organisation. METHODS OF military rating According to Williams (2005), the methods of evaluation have been drawn from the applied social sciences.Interview, survey and small group processes have been the dominant data entreaty tool, written reports and oral presentation have been the dominant reporting tools. The intact assumption that underpins most evaluates data leads to reliable information and reliable information influences appropriate organisational and individual behaviour. In the view of Fadeyi (199974), two major methods of evaluation are 1. Marginal Analysis This is an evaluation system whereby the additive revenue and the additional costs are compared.This can be used where the objective is profit maximisation, which may require optimum use of machines that can be achieved when additional input equal output. 2. toll Effectiveness Analysis Cost effectiveness, in its simplest form, is a technique for choosing from among alternatives, by identify a favourite(a) choice when objectives are far less specific than those expressed by such clear quantities as analysis does is to powerfulness the decision manufacturer to see various alternatives, by identifying a preferred choice when objectives are far less specific than those expressed by such clear quantities as sales, costs or profits.All cost effectiveness analysis does is to force the decisions makers to see various alternative in light of their effectiveness versus their costs. parcel OF EVALUATION TO ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING PRACTICES. Evaluation, as discussed earlier, is an effective tool f or decision making and choosing the right and feasible options among given alternative choices. Through it an organisation is able to receive an operating strategy for the organisation that would make it attain its objectives and goals, not only effectively, but also efficiently.Thus, evaluation plays a significant and let on role in an organisational learning practice. Evaluation ahs a prominent role in the extensive organisations such as ministries and research institutes, evaluation practices has enhance the capability of this organisation to make extensive reforms. Thus, institutional evaluation become more potent than research and development programme which is indirect and takes send within a longer time span institutional evaluation, on the other hand is easier to detect compared to the potential drop effects that an R & amp D programme evaluation can have on the evaluated bodily process (Oksanen 2005).Another contribution of evaluation to organisational learning practic e is that it makes an organisation to be in a position to choose and make decision on the nonindulgent measure to adopt on policy plans and organisation strategy that its consequences are not effective enough to meet the set goals and objectives. Hence, an organisation would be in a better position, after conducting its evaluation, whether to adopt the single-loop or double-loop learning method.Evaluation information is seen to be closely intertwined with other relevant sources at the decision makers disposal. (ibid. ) Here, evaluation makes the task of choosing he mode for organisational learning easy since assessment would have being made to see what the organisation ahs done, and what it is suppose to do. This will place them in a better position to make better decision in this regard. Evaluation stands as a management tool that plays several functions in the organisation management and learning practices.According to Oksanen (2005), a recurring view associated evaluation with c ost awareness twain at the level of an individual research organisation. broadcastme, and at the level of the case R & D. system as a whole As a management tool evaluation is not only seen as a tool of ensuring the accountability and relevance of development activity in an organisation, but also as a procedure closely joined with internal development and learning. Hence, evaluation is a tool to conscientise and makes organisation staff to reflect on what they do and the role they play in the organisation.As Oksanen (2005), put it, evaluation process offered the staff an opportunity to pause for a endorsement and to reconsider what they are doing, why they are doing it, and how they are doing it. This way evaluation brings out the week points of stays and through the organisation learning practice corrective measures are taken to strengthen and armed these lapses in the organisation. fast related to the above point is that evaluation makes an organisation know its strengths a nd weaknesses. Thus giving it the opportunity to correct and strengthen its weaknesses.Illustrating this with ALNAP, annual review in 2001, with the aid of its evaluation reports, the report has it that, it would appear that in some areas at least, co-ordination being a case in point, this years results are better this years sample provides a more optimistic picture than last years the ability of the ALNAP one-year reassessment series to highlight recurring problem areas within the Humanitarian welkin represents in itself a positive contribution. (ALNAP Annual Review, 2003). Evaluation has help oneselfed the ALNAP organisation to know ? Which organisations, and co-ordination bodies that are best placed to tackle the recurring problems.? If they consciously own the problem, i. e. are the issues being actively considered by key bodies within the vault of heaven. ? What progress is being made each year in the exploit to tackle such problems (Ibid. ) Evaluation as a management to ol, also stands to trigger a desired self-steering process in the organisation. Here, the organisation is made to be focus on those objectives and long term goals it seeks to achieve. And through evaluation in the organisation learning practices, the organisation is spurred and triggered towards the attainment of these targets and any observe variance is adequately taken care of.Also, evaluation helps to clarify the interchangeable expectations of partners and other interested parties. Outside the institution can turn out to be a learning process for a wider institutional environment, including agencies high in the hierarchy, such as ministries and other partners (Oksanen, 2005). Illustrating this, an evaluation of a research institute has offered the ministry concerned an opportunity to review the institute more good its functioning, its position within the administrative field, and its role in the development of the sector in question.In addition, some interviewees at the minis try level felt that institutional evaluations have succeeded in pointing out weaknesses, which would demand internal changes even within ministries. (Ibid. ) In the view of Williams (2005) evaluation is germane in the arriving at a common ground for the diverging groups in an organisation. Evaluation approaches generally seek to get to the core issues, and as a result often explore undiscussibles and raises issues that queer deep division within the community it is investigating. Evaluation stands as a tool for persuasion in the organisational learning practices.Here, evaluation offers general jut out of assurance in decision-making situation. Among decision makers evaluation gives them a valued support in their decision-making. Evaluation is seen as an important external second judgment, in relation to which decision-makers can reflect their own ideas. This second intuitive feeling gives management the opportunity to assure itself that planned actions and strategic choices are also reasonable from an external point of view. (Ibid. ). Evaluation is valuable for justifying and convincing others about the necessity of proposed decisions.Within the organisation evaluation provides support tot he decision makers in relation tot he staff. Here, the decision maker can not stand alone, but point out someone from the outdoors who has objectively assessed the situation and has arrived at a conclusion that such decision are inevitable to put aside. Evaluation also contributes to an organisational learning practice by positioning the organisation to have the willingness to improve on its discover results. When evaluation is carried out, if the result that the organisation gets is unfavourable, it tends to strive to improve upon this, so as to obtain a better result next time.To Udell and Baker (1977), cited in Sexton, et al (1989), advantages of innovative evaluation to inventors, when their innovation and ideas are subject to it, includes 1. A general idea of a commercial viability of their new product idea. 2. input concerning potential problems likely to be encountered during the innovation process. 3. Unbiased opinions from individuals who have the expertise to evaluate a new product ideas or invention. 4. Pertinent information that will be useful in presenting the concept to others 5. Direction regarding additional information needed for a more thorough evaluation of the product.6. Opportunity, based on the information provided, to make a more informed decision about whether to drop or proceed with the product. 7. Information that may help attracts investors. It is seen that these highlighted advantages of evaluation to innovative ideas are similar to those that an organisation derives when evaluation are linked up with the organisation learning practices. HINDRANCES TO ORGANISATIONS EVALUATION A major hindrance to effective evaluation is when the objectives and goals of an organisation are not clearly stated and straightforward and explicit.It makes the evaluation of such goals and objective very difficult. This tends to hamper the results of the evaluation process. As the ALNAP annual review (2003) has it The potential contribution of evaluation genres to learning is often hampered by a lack of clarity as to the purpose, the under-use of approaches and techniques likely to increase learning at the individual and team level and the under use of evaluation materials and case studies in training. According to Oksanen (2005), the most often mentioned weak points to evaluation includes1. Lack of time for evaluations which may lead to inaccuracies and superficiality in results 2. Evaluators competencies and in particular, their insufficient knowledge of local circumstances. CONCLUSION From the write-up it is seen that evaluation plays a significant role in organisational learning practices, through evaluation the learning practice is made feasible and effective. This make the decisional aspect of the organisationa l practice to be generally supported and recognised in the attainment of set goals and objectives for the organisation.Through evaluation, the organisation strengths and weaknesses are observed and corrective measures are better put in place to correct these weaknesses BIBLIOGRAPHY ALNAP Annual Review (2003), Chapter Five. (www. alnap. org/AR2002/chapter5a. htm) (19th August2005) Argyris, Chris (1982) Reasoning Learning and Action Individual and Organisational, San Franciso Jossey-Bass Argyris Chris (1990), Overcoming Organisational Defences, Facilitating Organisation Learning Boston Allyn and Bacon. Argyris, Chris (1993, Knowledge for Action a Guide to Overcoming Barriers to Organisational Change.San Francisco Jossey Bass Argyris C. and Schon D. (1974), surmise in Practice Increasing Professional Effectiveness San Francisco Jossey Bass. Argyris C. and Schon D. (1978), Organisational Learning A theory of Action Perspective, Reading Mass Addison Wesley Edmondson, A and Moingeon, B ( 1999) Learning, rely and Organisational Change in M. Easterby-Smith, L. Aranjo and J. Burgoyne (eds. ) Organisational Learning and the Learning Organisation, London Sage Fadeyi, R. M (1999), Management Principles and Practices, Lagos, Foresythe Media Ltd.IFRA (2005), Evaluation and Organisational Learning (www. ifrc. org/docs/appeals/annual01/01790101. pdf) (20th August, 2005) Mande (2005), Overcoming Organisational defences Chris Argyris (www. mande. co. uk/docs/chapter4. htm) (28 June, 2005. Oksanen, Juha (2005), Does Evaluation Contribute to decision fashioning? (www. evaluationcanada. ca/distribution/200005_oksanen_juha. pdf. ) (19th August, 2005. Sexton, Donald L. et al (1989) Innovation Evaluation Programs Do they friend the Investors? In Journals of Small Business Management Vol.27, Issue 3. Smith, K. Mark (2001), Chris Argyris Theories of action, double-loop learning and organisational learning, the encyclopaedia of informal education, (www. infed. org/thinkers/argyris. htm. ) (20th August, 2005). Usher, R and Bryant, I (1989) Adult raising as theory, Practice and Research, London Routledge. Williams Bob (2005), The contribution of Evaluation to Program and Orgnaisational Development- The use of Whole System Groups Processes. (http//users. actrix. co. nz/bobwill/elg. doc) (19th August, 2005.

The Return: Midnight Chapter 37

Then Meredith cut something that was not smoke or combust.Just a glimpse of a entry frame and a tiny breath of cool air.With this hope to sustain her, she scuttled straight for the door to the backyard, dragging Isobel behind her.As she passed the threshold, she felt blessedly cold water somehow showering down onto her body. When she pul ed Isobel into the spray, the younger young lady made the first voluntary sound she had during the entire journey a wordless sob of thanks. categoricals hands were aid her along, were taking away the tear of Isobel. Meredith got up to her feet and staggered in a circle, then dropped to her knees. Her whiskers-breadth was on send packingShe was beneficial recal ing her childhood rehearsal of stop, drop, and rol , when she felt the cold water off-key on it. The hose water went up and down her body and she sullen around, basking in the feeling of coolness, until she comprehend insipids voice say, The flames are pop. Youre good seriou s off. convey you, lusterlessness. Thank you.Her voice was hoarse.Hey, you were the one who had to go al the way to the sleeping accommodations and back. acquire Mrs. Saitou out was pretty easy there was the kitchen sink ful of water, so as soon as I cut her free from the kitchen chair we just got al wet and dashed out fount.Meredith smiled and carriageed around quickly. Isobel had be aim her responsibility now. To her relief, she saw that the girl was organism hugged by her mother.And al it had taken was the nonsense plectrum between a thing however precious it was and a life. Meredith gazed at the mother and daughter and was glad. She could have another faculty made. scarcely nada could replace Isobel.Isobel said to give this to you,Matt was saying.Meredith turned toward him, the fiery flicker making the world crazy, and for one atomic number 42 didnt believe her eye. Matt was prop the fighting stave out to her.She must have dragged it with her free hand oh, Matt, an d she was almost dead before we startedMatt said, Shes stubborn. Like individual else I know.Meredith wasnt quite sure what he meant by that, but she knew one thing. Wed al better get to the front yard. I doubt the volunteer fire de partiallyment is going to come. Besides Theo Il get them moving. You scout the gate side,Matt said.Meredith plunged into the backyard, which was hideously il uminated by the house, now ful y engulfed in flames.Fortunately, the side yard was not. Meredith flicked the gate open with the stave. Matt was right behind her, back uping Mrs.Saitou and Isobel along.Meredith quickly ran by the flaming garage and then stopped. From behind her she perceive a cry of horror. There was no time to try to ease whoever had cried, no time to think.The two fighting women were too busy to eyeshade her and Theo was in need of help. Inari was truly like a fiery Medusa, with her hair writhing around her in flaming, smoking ophidians.Only the crimson part burned, and it was that part that she was using like a whip, using one snake to wrest away the atomic number 47 bul whip from Theos hand, and then another to cover around Theos throat and choke her. Theo was desperately trying to pul the blazing snare drum from her neck.Inari was laughing. Are you suffering, petty witch? It wil al be over in seconds for you and for your entire runty town The Last Midnight has final y comeMeredith glanced back at Matt and that was al it took. He ran transport, passing her, al the way up to the space below the fighting women. Then he bent slightly, cupping his hands.And then Meredith sprinted, putting everything she had left into the short run, departure her just tolerable energy to leap and place one buttocks into Matts cupped hands, and then she felt herself soaring aloft, just within distance for the stave to slice cleanly through the snake of hair that was choking Theo. by and by that Meredith was in free fal , with Matt trying to catch her from below . She landed more(prenominal) or less on top of him and they two saw what happened next.Theo, who was bruised and bleeding, slapped out a part of her gown that was smoldering. She held out a hand for the silver bul whip and it flew to meet her outstretched fingers.But Inari wasnt attacking. She was waving her arms wildly, as if in terror, and then suddenly she shrieked a sound so anguished that Meredith drew in her breath sharply. It was a death-scream.Before their eyes she was turning back into Obaasan, into the shrunken, helpless, dol -like cleaning lady Matt and Meredith knew. But by the time this shriveled body hit the ground it was already besotted and dead, her expression one of such unrepentant malice that it was frightening.It was Isobel and Mrs. Saitou then who came forward to stand over the body, sobbing with relief. Meredith looked at them and then up at Theo, who slowly floated to the ground. Thank you,Theo said with the faintest of smiles. You have bear ond me yet again.But what do you think happened to her?Matt asked. And why didnt Shinichi or Misao come to help her?I think they al must be dead, dont you?Theos voice was modest over the roar of the flames. As for Inari I think that perhaps someone destroyed her star bal . Im afraid I was not strong enough to defeat her myself.What time is it?Meredith abruptly cried, remembering. She ran to the old SUV, which was Stillrunning. Its clock showed 1200 midnight exactly.Did we save the people?Matt asked desperately.Theo turned her face outward toward the center of the town.For more or less a minute she was Still, as if listening for something. At last, when Meredith felt that she dexterity shatter from tension, she turned back and said quietly, Dear Ma ma, heroic mama, and I are one, now. I sense children who are finding themselves prop knives and some with guns. I sense them standing in their sleeping parentsrooms, otiose to remember how they got there. And I sense parents, hiding in close ts, a moment ago frightened for their very lives, who are seeing weapons dropped and children fal ing onto master bedroom floors, sobbing and bewildered.We did it, then. You did it. You held her off,Matt panted.Stillgentle and sober, Theo said, Someone else far away did much more. I know that the town needs healing. But Grand mama and Ma ma agree. Because of them, no child has kil ed a parent this night, and no parent has kil ed a child.The long nightmare of Inari and her Last Midnight is over.Meredith, sorry and bedraggled as she was, felt something rise and swell inside her, bigger and bigger, until, for al her training, she couldnt contain herself any longer. It exploded out of her in a yel of exultation.She found that Matt was shouting too. He was as grubby and unkempt as she was, but he seized her by the hands and whirled her around in a barbarian victory dance.And it was fun, whirling around and yel ing like a kid. Maybe maybe in trying to be calm, in perpetually being th e most grown-up, she had missed out on the essence of fun, which unceasingly felt as if it had some childlike quality to it.Matt had no trouble in expressing his feelings, whatever they were childlike, mature, stubborn, happy. Meredith found herself admiring this, and also thinking that it had been a long time since shed satisfying y looked at Matt. But now she felt a sudden wave of feeling for him. And she could see that Matt felt the same way about her. As if hed never real y looked at her properly before.This was the momentwhen they were meant to kiss.Meredith had seen it so often in movies, and read about it in books, that it was almost a given.But this was life, it wasnt a story. And when the moment came, Meredith found herself holding Matts shoulders while he held hers, and she could see that he was thinking exactly the same thing about the kiss.The moment stretchedThen, with a grin, Matts face showed that he knew what to do. Meredith did too. They both moved in, and hugged each other. When they drew back, they were both grinning. They knew who they were. They were very different, very close friends. Meredith hoped that they always would be.They both turned to look at Theo, and Meredith felt a pang in her heart, the first since she had heard theyd saved the town. Theo was changing. It was the look on her face as she watched them that gave Meredith the pang.After being young, and while watching youth at its peak, she was once again aging, wrinkling, her hair going white instead of moonlit silver. At last, she was an old woman wearing a raincoat covered with bits of paper.Mrs. Flowers This person, it was perfectly safe and right to kiss. Meredith flung her arms about the frail old woman, lifting her off her feet in excitement. Matt joined them, and they boosted her above their heads. They carried her like this to the Saitous, mother and daughter, who were watching the fire.There, sobered, they put her down.Isobel,Meredith said. matinee idol Im so sorry your homeThank you,Isobel said in her soft, deep voice. Then she turned away.Meredith felt chil ed. She was even beginning to regret the celebration, when Mrs. Saitou said, Do you know, this is the greatest moment in the history of our family? For hundreds of years, that ancient kitsune oh, yes, Ive always cognise what she was has been forcing herself upon innocent humans.And for the last three centuries it has been my family line of samurai mikos that she has terrorized. Now my husband throw out come home at last.Meredith looked at her, startled. Mrs. Saitou nodded.He tried to give her and she banished him from the house.Ever since Isobel was born, I have feared for her. And now, please forgive her. She has trouble expressing what she feels.I know about that,Meredith said quietly. Il go have a little talk with her, if its All right.If ever in her life she could explain to a fel ow traveler what fun having fun was, she thought, it was now.

Four Star Case Study Essay

quadruplet head is a mattress manufacturer cognise for a focus on quality, productivity and customer service. In rules of clubhouse to meet market demand from customers as well as controversy quad Star increased proliferation of mattress varieties offering a total of 230 opposite model types at one time. This change engenderd quatern Star to own deedal issues and bad inscription management, resulting in low profitability and productivity. Of the numerous problems faced by cardinal Star, proliferation of mattress varieties and its impact on operations and enumeration management is their biggest issue. This has had a major(ip) impact on the things that tetrad Star once prided itself on quality, productivity and customer service. Having 230 product variations created extremely coherent cabaret fill rates resulting in a loss of customers and created a great deal of customer dis felicity.There was also added pressure situated on quaternity Star employees to fill order s. Having so many unsatiable employees put Four Star at risk for loosing employees which would add additional stress to the business process. In addition, large dealers who would typically sell and inventory Four Star products began limiting the quash of mattresses stored due to their inability to previse which of the 230 varieties a customer would purchase. Instead, LDs would wait until a customer placed an order to request inventory from Four Star. Upon order placement LDs expected card-playing inventory arrival which is the level of service they were used to getting exclusively due to the stress placed on the Four Star manufacturing operation they were having trouble filling orders. This resulted in dealers no longer committing to placing orders with Four Star. Four Star in like mannerk on the burden of carrying inventory which was an additional expense for the disposal placing added stress on the overall manufacturing process. Four Star soon began to throw decreased sa les revenue. Sia Meng considered several natural selections to smoothly manage its operations.The first extract was to reduce the number of mattress models manufactured back to 40 or 60, levels at which the company stupefyd in 1996 and 1998. This would be a very effective sack up to the issues being had with Four Star since historical data shows that revenues and customer satisfaction levels were up and the company was not experiencing such turmoil in its manufacturing. In addition, it has also been proven by the behavior of the dealers that there are too many mattress varieties. Reducing model levels would help increase revenue. An some other option being investigated by Sia Meng is to insist on a minimum order size by dealers.This requirement from dealers would help streamline the order and doing process and allow Four Star a window of prospect to fulfill orders within a reasonable timeframe and increase customer satisfaction. The at last option being considered is to r educe safety stock requirements for finished mattresses. This is not a viable option for Four Star. The company is already having major issues and relocating would not fix the internal turmoil that exists. Below are my recommendations for how Four Star can reconfigure its product de marginination, manufacturing and order fulfillment process. Product functionFour Star should begin all mattresses with the same basic design and alter the product to meet customers needs. This could include adding much coils and the join cover depending on the customers request. This would allow Four Star to inventory and produce a limited number of materials call for to produce a mattress because all mattresses would use the same basic grammatical construction with modifications. For example, if Four Star received an order for one of its premium mattresses, the number of coils added to the mattress would be adjusted accordingly as well as the quilted cover. Doing so would reduce the fill rate and limit frustration of employees on the job(p) on the production line as they would be working to produce a less complicated product with less moving parts.ManufacturingIt is recommended that Four Star keep its facility where it is currently to work out the production issues they are experiencing before determining whether moving to another location would be more lucrative. There are currently too many other issues looming with the production line to isolate any one main cause for the issue. To Order FulfillmentTo improve the order fulfillment process it is recommended that Four Star enforce a minimum order quantity on its dealers. Doing so may initially increase inventory costs for Four Star but the long term benefits could outweigh this short term frustration. Enforcing a minimum order quantity would also allow dealers to roundabout better expectations with customers and increase customer satisfaction.

Black Plague of London 1665

The Great Plague in capital of the United Kingdom of 1665 Although nation proposed a variety of causes for the great chivvy in London of 1665, the do of the crime were certainly catastrophic. Europe experienced many outbreaks of molest forward to the year of 1665. Unfortunately, no one was quite sure what exactly caused the incrust, which devastated individually person who was affected. The effects of the detestation on society wreaked havoc on victims both socially and physically. Consequently, Londoners were constrained to try many drastic measures to check the spread of disorder.Nevertheless, the great plague left the urban center of London greatly damaged. Even though different causes for the plague were mentioned, the most relevant and synthetical cause of plague was derived from Londons filthiness. Charles J. Shields writes Although 17th-century Londoners were familiar with the plagues symptoms, they had no idea what caused it. One pattern they noted, however, was that it went debate in hand with filthiness. London was an ancient human habitation, dating from the days when the Roman force had built its away(p) walls.Without means to provide sanitation for all its inhabitants, the urban center evolved into a breeding ground for epidemics. (13) Dirtiness often accompanies congested areas, and London was undoubtedly no exception. According to Britannica, the greatest devastation remained in the citys outskirts, at Stepney, Shoreditch, Clerkenwell, Cripplegate, and Westminster, quarters where the miserable were densely crowded (Britannica 447). In s pointteenth-century London, people who lived in poverty were believed to be at a heights attempt for transmittance (Hays 124).Residents of London deposited their rubble outside of their homes so that the rainwater could wash the trash away (Shields 13-14). Consequently, the filth without Londons neighborhoods attracted many rats, which carried plague-ridden fleas (Trueman). Because rats live d near garbage, the rodents excessively resided closely to humans, particularly the poor. Nonetheless, when the rats died, the fleas found stark naked human hosts. When fleas that were infected with the disease broke human skin, the microorganism, Yersinia pestis, attacked the lymphatic system, create enlargement of lymph glands.Therefore, the protuberances were symptomatic of plague (Appleby 162-163). Meanwhile, many Londoners still believed that there could be another cause for the plagues recurrence. Some people believed that plague was caused by natural factors, but others believed that plague was obtained through an occult element. The side were led to believe that plague was a manifestation of divine thrift and power, as a product of an environmental miasma, and as an infectious contagion that moved from one person to another (Hays 124).Residents of London expected a penalty for their corrupt actions as a result of religious persecution, cleanup position of a king, and t he absurdness of government. In 1657, just eight years in the undertakening the blend in plague, Clergyman Thomas Reeves handed out flyers warning that plague would be the Londoners consequence for immoral conduct (Shields 24-25). In fact, those who believed in transcendental causes of the disease sought counsel from a deity through prayer, omens, and charms (Hays 124). As a result of the plague, the community of London suffered both physically and socially.Immediately upon catching the infection, one would have an array of flu-like symptoms, such as chills, queasiness, and regurgitation. In addition, sufferers real signs of apprehensiveness and nonchalantly derangement (Shields 12). Another symptom of plague was the harsh stench of the victims breath. Some people carried flowers with them to act as a perfume to hide the bitter smell (Trueman). Andrew B. Appleby stated that the plague could be in bubonic or pneumonic ground level. The pneumonic form was transferred through s neezing and coughing around others.The pneumonic plague originated from the bubonic plague because victims slightlytimes acquired pneumonia along with the bubonic form. The pneumonic plague was occasional in England. The symptoms included the coughing of blood (163). Furthermore, the affliction took a awesome toll on the overall health of from each one victim by causing dark round marks around the groin, armpits, and neck. Also, the petechiae, or faint spots, arose in other areas of the body (Hays 124-125). Unfortunately, these blemishes often turned into infected pus-filled welts.The last stage of sufferers disease occurred as the boils appeared. Of course terminal was inevitable, but the longevity of the plagues victims was a mystery because each persons reaction to the disease was different. For instance, after developing the ailment, some people would die within hours, and others would live as long as a few days. Entire families were destroyed by this annihilating disorder (Shields 12). Equally important, the societal effects of plague were immense. In 1665, 68,596 casualties were recorded (Britannica 447).Consequently, the cadavers were cover with shrouds and placed in a mass grave because the sudden resurrect in deaths caused there to be a greater demand for coffins, tho a shorter supply. Not only did people lose loved ones, but they also had difficulty carrying out traditional funerals because the exposed corpses raised the risk of contagion. Although limiting guests at funerals went against societys customs, Londoners needed to stay guide of the disease as much as possible (Hays 127). Gathering the numb(p) was a difficult task to complete for the bearers.Bearers had to fetch bodies infested with the deadly plague, along with the bearers of the carts. The dead carts were used mainly for large parishes. The carts would grind while world pushed down the street, and the bearers would ring a bell while continually emit for residents to release t he corpses to the cart. Sadly, family of the dead had to witness their loved ones being towed away with the injustice of dignity and respect for the deceased (Shields 48). London hired nurses, who lacked proper didactics and experience, to check on diseased victims. If sufferers could afford sustenance, these nurses would bring them food, too (Trueman).Society suffered through many hard times during the plagues reign. Because of the plagues atrocious impact on London, residents decided to take matters into their own hands. Since the plague escalated rapidly, the rich people of London left the city for the safe countryside. The poor had no resources to escape the plagues wrath. In fact, soldiers were hired by Londons council to supervise the outskirts of the parish where the poor resided. No one was allowed outside the boundaries unless he had a document from his parish leader stating that he could leave (Trueman).On banknote of all the wealthy that left London to escape disease, the impact make by plague was mainly on the destitute (Hays 128). Because the disease was pickings hold of the population so quickly, the Lord Chamberlain chose to close down the theatres in London. The roads outside of the city were congested with the traffic of people want refuge. The city of London was in complete chaos (Shields 31-32). Realizing that the plague was victorious over London, the English government mobilized a new system of methods to passage of arms the disease. When the plague hit, London was still following outdated rules from the plague of 1578.To begin the new set of rules for cleaning London, the government demanded that the garbage on the streets and the obstacles in the ditches were to be removed promptly. On the contrary, authorities believed that smoking tobacco and light fires to release smoke was profitable for the environment of the plague. Also, the Privy Council requested the off of stray animals, such as dogs and pigs. These animals were thought to carry the plague (Hays 122-123, 127). In addition to the exile of the wealthy and the rise of cleaning standards, London also attempted to prevent the spread of plague by isolation.Accordingly, any family that had at least one member tainted by the disease was curb to their own home for over a month. As a trouble to others, a red cross was painted on the door to showing the infection of the family inside the house however, only nurses were permitted to enter the plagued home (Trueman). Because of the forced seclusion from the outside world, many trapped plague victims rebelled against the authorities. For instance, neighbors helped to release the jailed by removing the cross from the door of the victims house.The government endorsed dangerous penalties toward those who disobeyed the rules laid out for them to follow. Inevitably, the policy of solitude for the afflicted came to an end when the measuring of homes that needed to be secluded became too great and the people who set the guidelines were at a shortage however, parishes did try to aid the imprisoned victims by raising taxes to provide food (Hays 125-127). Although isolation seemed like a executable plan to the English government at the time of the plagues existence, people naturally rebelled against being held hostage in their own home, even if food was provided for them.In conclusion, the great plague caused a tremendous uproar in the lives of the ones who lived in London in 1665. Even though numerous causes were offered to rationalise the root of the plagues frequency, the most reasonable explanation of the diseases occurrence was through the spread of contagion by fleas. As a result of the affliction of plague, society suffered great damage in a physical and civil aspect. Although no one was sure what caused the plague in London, many measures were taken to help prevent the expansion of the pestilence. aft(prenominal) all, the plague of 1665 was the last of the plagues to claim London.

The Issue of Student Preparedness

The bind titled Teaching Responsibility deals with the issue of disciple prep bedness after proud school. The article brings up the recent geek of Jonathan Govias who is suing his clandestine juicy school stating that the school did non prepare him for university. The article goes on to give two examples, one in Virginia and one in Ontario of how these types of problems are being dealt with. The editor in chief agrees s that the school system should be held more responsible for its graduates, but makes it clear that lawyers only complicate matters.I believe that Jonathan Govias case should be heard in a homage of law due to the particular that schools have a certain responsibility and if it is non met then something adopts to be done about it. I am in total disagreement with the Ontarios school broadcast to get rid of this problem and am a total cull out of the Virginia pilot project, be intellect unlike the Ontario see they are actually looking to tending oneself th e scholars and not their own pockets.After dropping out of his first category engineering class at the university of Alberta, Jonathan Govias decided to sue his alma mater for a total of $140,000 claiming that the school failed to fully prepare him for what university had in store for him. Jonathan t closedowned to(p) a private school, and as we all kat once private schools aim a large amount of money in vow to translate a relegate education for its students. That is why parents enroll their children in private schools. Jonathan after graduating got accepted in the engineering program, which is a hard program to get into since a high average is necessary.Private education be money, therefore making it a business that provides services and like all other business should be held responsible if their services fail, or does not meet the standard that the school promises to meet. I believe that the school is really a lot responsible for Jonathans post secondary education. Pri vate schools hold up pride in the fact that they can provide a better education than public schools and that they prepare their students with the tools they need to survive in the university world.It is as fountainhead as important to note that this case has not yet been decided in favor of Jonathan and that Jonathan should be given a chance to prove himself. The fact that this action against the private school is taking place shows that Jonathan has just cause for his decision to take his case before the judge. The next area the editor deals with is what Ontario is doing to solve the problem of student preparedness. A key act index review go forth soon be in effect. This review pull up stakes look at the employment rate of the former students as well as a survey of what employers think of the quality of the graduates.In the end it is said that up to six percent of a colleges boor government funding will be affected by these results. This sort the schools with successful stu dents will get more funding, where as the schools who do not do well will be faced with cutbacks. Cutbacks in any way shape or form are a gravely thing. We are already facing cutbacks in the elementary, junior high and high school levels. These cutbacks are the direct reason for the lack of student preparedness, and right off fraternity colleges are in for it.It is interesting that Ontario is going to enforce these rules to community colleges and not to universities. I would like to know why. I do not see how cutbacks are going to help a college that already is not doing well. You might as well shut the school down because with these cutbacks that Ontario has in store for the colleges, the school might as well close its doors. On the other hand Virginia has come up with an idea that will help its students. In order for the schools to be held accountable they have come up with a pilot project that provides its students with educational warranties.This way if a student requires re medial education within two years, the school imagek will cover the costs. This is how Virginia is dealing with the graduates lack of basic skills. This plan by Virginia seems to me to be a better way to make a difference, and shows that they are putting their students first. First thing I would like to predict out is that the plan by Virginia is a pilot project, meaning that it is presently at its test phase, therefore we must wait for the results to see if it is a plan to be adopted by all school board districts.With that in mind the pilot project is still a with child(p) idea. For one it holds the schools responsible for their actions and keeps a close eye on the schools performance but does not have cut backs in mind. Students are now given a second chance to make things right. It is known that the high school years are hard on adolescence and that many go on it hard to cope with the changes that are constantly taking place. Unlike the Ontario plan this projects does not c lose any doors on its students.The pilot project undertaken in Virginia gets the thumbs up because it puts the students first by providing them with a chance at a good education, which in the end is the soul purpose of an educational institution. record hard parents tell you. All your life you hear that in order to succeed in life you must study hard, get a good education and make something of yourself. One must not entomb that the school is also responsible for its actions and responsible for providing a usable education. unfortunately these days the high school diploma does not matter much to people, it is the post-secondary piece of paper that counts.Well obviously one needs a proper high school education in order to be able to survive in the post-secondary world. We as a society need to be concerned with the lack of student preparedness. These students lacking basic skills are going to run the future world. We need to nip this problem with the use of projects such as the one introduced in Virginia. As we make it the millenium, we need to understand that investments in our future are crucial. By providing a better education we prepare our children for all the advancements that we are headed for.

Nuclear Family: Pros and Cons Essay

This is known as a family which contains two parents and one child the thermo thermonuclear family creates a durable environment so children raised in this family with the same parents during their growing years have a higher likelihood of having stability in their human relationship and stirred up bonding. Also this family provides a sense of consistency because when children grow up in a nuclear family, they get a sense consistency, curiously when it also includes closeness with other members of the family such as grandparents, aunts and uncles, and cousins.It also provides them with study skills as children unremarkably get far more extensive education in life skills living in a nuclear family. For instance, mothers usually teach their children relationship skills, like emotional response skills and how to have debonnaire relations with others, while fathers, in general, teach their children handiwork skills and sports skills, like amends things around the house or hitt ing a baseball, as intimately as how to deal with the world outside. Lastly this sort of family upbringing allows physiological and emotional support.The Nuclear family usually have more physical and emotional resources with which they can reinforce the whole. Through observing their parents and by following the examples tidy sum by them, children learn how to help in the building of the family. uclear family is a barrier used to define a family group consisting of a pair of adults and their children. This is in contrast to the smaller single-parent family, and to the larger extended family. Nuclear families typically stub on a married couple, but not always1 the nuclear family may have any number of children.There are differences in definition among observers some definitions allow only biological children that are lusty siblings,2 while others allow for a stepparent and any mix of dependent children including stepchildren and adopt children. 34 Families structures of a sing le married couple and their children were present in western Europe and New England in the 17th century, influeced by church and theocratic governments. 5 With the emergence of proto-industrialization and early capitalism, the nuclear family became a financially viable neighborly unit.The term nuclear family appeared in the early twentieth century, with the term nuclear itself appearing in the 1840s. citation needed Alternative definitions have evolved to include family units headed by same-sex parents,1 and perhaps additional adult relatives who take on a cohabiting parental role. 7 The supposition that a narrowly defined nuclear family is central to stability in modern society has been promoted by modern social conservatives in the join States, and has been challenged as historically and sociologically inadequate to describe the complexity of genuine family relations.

Failure and Life Essay

Every whiz wants to learn the secrets of being advantageful in invigoration. There be many a nonher(prenominal) people who give birth achieved success in this world. Success doesnt eff to those who wait.. And it doesnt wait for any whiz to enumerate to it. Most successful workforce kick in not achieved their destination by having some new talent or opportunity presented to them. They have true the opportunity that was at have. The difference between also-ran and success is ding things nearly right and doing a thing exactly right. Nobody is innate(p) a success, they create it. Knowing the secrets of success and flushly implework forceting them will sure help ace to achieve success in life. Why, all men strive and who succeeds? asks Br h elderlying. Every man wants to have success in life, that few ar able to achieve it. Those who fail are in the habit of attributing their failure to bad luck, to unfavorable circumstances, to the hostility of enemies, to every(preno minal)thing except their own defects and shortcomings.Yet if we determine our own lives impartially, we will have to admit that our failures are most(prenominal)ly due to our personal defects and seldom to impertinent circumstances. The age-old teaching is that if we are able to know our own merits and demerits we should be able to correct our defects. Self-confidence is essential for success Self-trust, said Emersion, is the first secret of success. We moldiness have confidence in our capacity to triumph oer all obstacles. Timidity and nervousness lead to hesitancy. Another quality that goes hand in hand with self-confidence is the possession of a strong will and determination. If we have will, we will find the way to do a thing. We must(prenominal) summon all our powers, physical and mental, and bring them to bear on the executing of a work. It there is this single-minded devotion, success is bound to come.Of course, success pot come in those fields of life in which adepts aptitudes find sufficient scope and ones ambition is link up to ones powers and parts. Therefore, we must know how to choose our vocation, according to our admiration and temperament, our capability. We must have pleasure in our work. Often failures in life come through a mistaken choice of lifes vocation. If we are able to choose our career according to our natural inclinations, the chances of success are very bright. Another important quality is to know and entrance an opportunity when it comes our way. If we let opportunity pass, another may not come for years. Man is the architect of his own destiny. A study of the lives of great men bears this out. Those who talk about destiny and the stare are scarcely allowing external forces to get the break dance of us. The fact often is that most of us have not determination enough the lives of most of us are full of hours spent in indolence, of opportunities fling offd.Let us, therefore, if we want to succeed in life, contradict with all our might against doctrines, which make us, lose self-confidence and destroy our initiative. It is no use trying for the impossible. One must not hitch ones wagon to a star. The impracticable is undesirable. Everything in the world is value attempting, if it lies outside the reach of a man. saloon is breach than cure Outlines It is an old formulation which holds true in daily life. Tt means that we should forbid a unhealthiness by observing a simple get of hygiene instead of later on letting the disease strewing and require loti of efforts for its cure. Prevention is always pause than cure because i,t nips the trouble in the develop. This principle is highly useful in daily life and behind save a lot of botheration vvhich.woukl , otherwise have to be faced. A stitch in time saves nine is another saying which means more or less the same thing.Essay Prevention is remedy tnan cure is a wise saying which ha comedown to us since ages. It holds true for ever. The kno wledge of the saying lies in the fact that a petite effort in the early pha of a problem helps to solve it in the first place it becomes too difficult to be solved. This principle is always checkd by wise people to succeed in life. Those who do not observe this principle usually suffer even if they are intelligent and tall(prenominal)-working. ceremony of this principle becomes a part of ones nature emotionlessness to this principle also becomes a bad habit leading to vile consequences. If one sees symptoms of a disease, it is advisible to immediately go to the reinstate, get it diagnosed and follow the treatment. both negligence at the earlier stages of a disease leads to complications and deterioration. Going to the doctor at a late stage will not only mean more expense but may also baffle the life of the person. Prevention is, therefore, better than cure. Unclean state of affairs in ones household can lead to many diseases.The members of ones family can catch malaria o r any other disease owing to the mosquitoes that multiply in an begrimed place. Stagnant water, dirty latrines, unclean floors and dirty and stale food, over-ripe fruits and the like can cause so many diseases whose cure will cost a lot of botheration and money. It is better to remove all these unclean habits and prevent the occurrence of the disease. Prevention is better than cure again. If one is a student, it is better to study regularly. If one ignores ones lessons in the early stages so as to work concentrated during the examination days, one is in for trouble. Ones early muddiness can cost one success in the examination.One should study tiie lessons regularly in keeping with the requirements of the class, under instructions of the teacher, if one wants to coiffure well in the examination. One should prevent failure than face the failure and try hard to overcome it. One may have to utilize a costly tutor or lose ones healthphysical and mentalto recoup the lost time. Preven tion is better than cure again. The principle also holds effectual in the matter of mental synthesis good habits. If a person wants to develop good habits he must lay a sound foundation for them. To keep to the morals and principles of good character, it is desirable to avoid bad habits of drinking, smoking, etc. Once one starts on the wrong lines, there is no end to the dirty ways. It is always better to avoid dirty habits from early childhood. We should nip the evil in the bud from the very beginning.MY GRANDPARENTS MY ROLE MODELGrandparents are an important part of every childs life, because they can give valuable and positive directions. Their savourless love, warm, and strong bond they had with their grand children helps to the growth of a child as it has on me. The habit of helping to look afterward ones grandchildren is only present in members of the human race. No other cognise animal on the planet seems to have this particular trend. Strangely also, the customs of gra ndparents playing an important role in the birth and upbringing of grand-children seems to be a universal trend among humans. All of us know grandparents as symbols of wisdom they speak from experience and tell us how to go to where they have been. They may not be up to date in matters of science and other branches of knowledge but they would have been through the school of hard knocks.It is grandparents who tell us that though money and other symbols of wealth are nice to have, the real values in life are of the non-material kind. They themselves had in all likelihood discovered this through a lifetime of pain and sorrow. It is very unlucky today that, as part of the modern life-style, we are losing contacts with our grandparents. It is just not wise at all, but it is happening all around us, that after five million years of evolution, we are now discarding some of the most beautiful aspects of being a human. Pushing grand-parents out of the scene is one of them. Many of them are being exiled in old peoples homes, where being deprived of something useful to do and of being loved and wanted, they waste away to early ends. One can only hope and ask that the trend will be reversed, if not for the sake of our grand-parents for the sake of the wisdom they have to offer all of us.